Comparison of Obstetric Outcomes Between IVF cycles with Donor Oocyte and Spontaneous Conception Pregnancies: A Retrospective Cohort study

Yadav  Vikas; Malhotra  Neena; Mahey  Reeta; Singh  Neeta; Kriplani  Alka

doi:10.18502/jri.v23i2.8994

Yadav Vikas Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda Hospital, Sharda University Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India
Malhotra Neena Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
Mahey Reeta Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
Singh Neeta Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
Kriplani Alka Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jri.v23i2.8994

Keywords: Bleeding in first trimester, Gestational diabetes mellitus, Oocyte donation, Pregnancy induced hypertension.

Abstract

Background: Oocyte donation has facilitated couples to achieve pregnancy in conditions like diminished ovarian reserve, premature ovarian failure, and inheritable disorders. However, it is unclear whether pregnancy complications are due to oocyte donation per se or due to confounding factors such as maternal age or the allogenic fetus. In this retrospective comparative cohort, an attempt was made to evaluate and compare multiple obstetric and perinatal outcomes.

Methods: The present study comprised all women in the age range of 20-45 years who conceived from oocyte donation (n=102) between 1/12/2011 to 30/09/2017. Control group consisted of spontaneous conception cases (n=306) in ratio of 1:3 with no previous medical or surgery comorbidity. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes were compared between two groups.

Results: Mean maternal age was significantly higher in the donor oocyte IVF group (group 1; 35.13 years) as compared to spontaneous conception group (group 2; 31.75 years). Parity between the two groups was comparable. Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) was seen in 33.33% of cases in group 1 as compared to 7.18% in group 2. Moreover, gestational diabetes mellitus was seen in 34.31% of cases in group 1 as compared to 9.47% in group 2 (p=0.001). By the same token, there was significant difference in perinatal outcomes between the two groups.

Conclusion: Oocyte donation should be treated as an independent risk factor for miscarriage, hypertensive disorder, and gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy.