A Review of the Misuse of Isotretinoin in South Africa

Abstract

Isotretinoin is a potent retinoid drug that is primarily used for the treatment of severe acne. Because of this, the drug has attracted attention and has the potential for abuse and misuse, including use without a prescription and overdose. This manuscript aims to explore the dimensions of isotretinoin misuse or abuse in South Africa. The epidemiological trends, underlying motivations, and associated health risks of Isotretinoin are discussed herein.

Despite the strict regulatory control for access without a prescription and severe side effects, there is evidence of abuse of the drug for the effects it produces. The sociocultural and economic factors that contribute to this abuse are explored. Furthermore, Isotretinoin is rather perceived as a cosmetic enhancement tool, while it is indicated to treat severe cases of acne. Hence, the regulatory framework governing access to controlled scheduled substances such as isotretinoin in South Africa was analyzed and the gaps and enforcement challenges that allow for the misuse are described.

Isotretinoin remains a valuable drug in the management of severe acne. However, its potential for misuse and abuse in South Africa requires a comprehensive approach involving healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the public to ensure safe and appropriate use through innovative rational medicine use (RMU) interventions to protect the public while providing access for those with sincere needs.