Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Routine Blood Tests in Patients with COVID-19 in Iran, Tehran

Behzad Asanjarani; Goli Siri; Seyed Mahmoud Eshagh Hosseini; Hamed Abdollahi; Mehrdad Hasibi; Reza  Erfanian; Mohammad Mehdi  Eshagh Hosseini; Samira Alesaeidi; Ali  Asadollahi-Amin

doi:10.18502/jimc.v4i3.7213

Behzad Asanjarani Department of Internal Medicine, Amir Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Goli Siri Department of Internal Medicine, Amir Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Seyed Mahmoud Eshagh Hosseini Department of Internal Medicine, Amir Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Hamed Abdollahi Department of Anesthesiology, Amir Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mehrdad Hasibi Department of Internal Medicine, Amir Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Reza Erfanian Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Diseases, Amir Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Mehdi Eshagh Hosseini Department of Internal Medicine, Amir Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Samira Alesaeidi Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Ali Asadollahi-Amin Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jimc.v4i3.7213

Keywords: Bilirubin, Blood cell count, Blood platelets, Coronavirus, COVID-19, Erythrocyte indices, Hematologic tests, Humans, Lymphocytes, Neutrophils

Abstract

Background: Routine blood testing consists of Complete Blood Count (CBC) indices together with Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) which have significant roles in both diagnosis and prognosis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: A total number of 942 COVID-19 patients and 400 healthy persons as the control group were enrolled in this study. All patients were admitted to a single center and were divided into two groups according to disease severity (severe or non-severe). Routine laboratory findings of peripheral blood sample were collected and then analyzed.

Results: Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) had the highest sensitivity and specificity value for COVID-19 diagnosis. Among patients with different severities of COVID-19, the amount of neutrophil, NLR, platelet, hemoglobin, Red cell Distribution Width (RDW) and total bilirubin was significantly different (p<0.01).

Conclusion: Some indices of complete blood count and comprehensive metabolic panel have diagnostic and prognostic roles in COVID-19 patients, which are helpful in early diagnosis, predicting severity and adverse outcomes of patients with COVID-19.