A Comparative Analysis of the Short-Term Efficacy of Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

Rana  Ghaffarian; Tooraj  Zandbaf; Yalda  Ravanshad; Mohammad Javad  Ghamari

doi:10.18502/jimc.v9i3.21838

Rana Ghaffarian Innovative Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Tooraj Zandbaf Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Yalda Ravanshad Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Mohammad Javad Ghamari Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jimc.v9i3.21838

Keywords: Metabolic and bariatric surgery, Morbid obesity, Sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, Weight loss

Abstract

Background: Given the growing global burden of obesity and the increasing number of bariatric procedures performed annually, it is crucial to compare the outcomes of different surgical techniques to guide clinical decision-making. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) vs. Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) in terms of weight loss and postoperative complications.

Methods: A cross-study was conducted involving patients aged 18 years and older, with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 40 kg/m² or higher, or a BMI between 35 and 40 kg/m² accompanied by obesity-related comorbidities. The participants underwent either SG or RYGB based on the medical assessments. The study analyzed the demographic data, surgical duration, length of hospital stays, and weight loss outcomes.

Results: Eighty patients were included in the study, with 40 patients in each group, and there were no significant differences in their baseline characteristics. One year after surgery, SG resulted in a significantly greater reduction in BMI and Total Weight Loss percentage (TWL%) compared to RYGB, with a p-value of 0.021 for both measures. Additionally, SG had a shorter operative time, with a p-value of 0.004. The length of hospital stays and rates of anastomotic leaks were similar between the two groups.

Conclusion: SG demonstrated superior short-term weight loss compared to RYGB, with greater BMI reduction and TWL. Both procedures had similar safety profiles.