Prediction of Anxiety and Depression Based on Perceived Social Support and Socioeconomic Status in Cystic Fibrosis Patients: A Study in Tehran, Iran

Ali  Valinejadi; Maryam  Hassanzad; Nastaran  Sharifi; Abdolhossein  Kalantari; Binazir  Jalali; Leila  Mohammadpour-Belvirdy; Ali Akbar  Velayati

doi:10.18502/jimc.v9i3.21834

Ali Valinejadi Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
Maryam Hassanzad Pediatric Respiratory Disease Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Nastaran Sharifi Psychology Department, Roudhen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudhen, Iran
Abdolhossein Kalantari Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Binazir Jalali Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Leila Mohammadpour-Belvirdy Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
Ali Akbar Velayati Mycobacteriology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jimc.v9i3.21834

Keywords: Anxiety, Cystic fibrosis, Cross-sectional studies, Depression, Mental health, Socioeconomic factors, Social support

Abstract

Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a chronic disease frequently associated with psychological issues like anxiety and depression, often influenced by socioeconomic status (SES) and perceived social support (PSS). This study investigated the relationship between PSS, SES, and anxiety and depression levels in CF patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 100 CF patients at the National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD) in Tehran, Iran (2024) utilized self-administered questionnaires for SES, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MPSS). Data were collected in person or online. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and simultaneous multiple regression (α=0.05).

Results: Simultaneous regression revealed PSS as a positive predictor of anxiety (B=0.551, β=0.309, p=0.047), and SES as a negative predictor (B=–0.532, β=–0.570, p=0.001), explaining 23.2% of anxiety variance (R=0.482, R²=0.232; F(2,97)=7.11, p=0.002). The depression model was also significant (R=0.594, R²=0.301; F(2,97)=10.13, p<0.001), with SES being a significant negative predictor (B=–0.705, β=–0.496, p=0.001), while PSS had a non-significant negative effect (B=–0.242, β=–0.089, p=0.540). Durbin–Watson statistics were 1.457 for anxiety and 0.985 for depression. Both anxiety and depression scores negatively correlated with PSS (r=–0.496, p≤0.05).

Conclusion: PSS and SES are significantly associated with anxiety and depression in CF patients. Enhancing social support and addressing socioeconomic disparities could improve psychological well-being. Early screening and targeted interventions are recommended for managing mental health in this population.