Incidence Rates of Gallstones and Kidney Stones Following Bariatric Surgery Compared to Dietary Management in Obese Individuals

Khojasteh  Hoseinynejad; Majid  Karandish; Masoud  Erfania; Parastoo  Moradi Choghakabodi; Shokouh  Shayanpour; Seyed Saeed  Seyedian; Fatemeh  Amini

doi:10.18502/jimc.v9i2.21182

Khojasteh Hoseinynejad Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Majid Karandish Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Masoud Erfania School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Parastoo Moradi Choghakabodi School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Shokouh Shayanpour Chronic Renal Failure Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Seyed Saeed Seyedian Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Alimentary Tract Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Fatemeh Amini Department of Persian Medicine and Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jimc.v9i2.21182

Keywords: Aged, Bariatric surgery, Body Mas Index, Diet, Women, Gallstones, Incidence, Obesity, Weight loss

Abstract

Background: Rapid weight loss after bariatric surgery is known to increase the risk of cholelithiasis. This retrospective study aimed to compare the incidence rates of gallstone and kidney stone diseases in obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery vs. those who followed a diet plan.

Methods: The retrospective study included 100 obese patients aged 18 years or older with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 35 or higher, 50 of whom underwent bariatric surgery and 50 followed a diet plan. Demographic and clinical data were collected and statistically evaluated.

Results: Women, particularly housewives, were found to undergo bariatric surgery more frequently than men (p<0.05). The incidence rate of new cases of gallstone disease after bariatric surgery (24%) was significantly higher than in those who followed a diet plan (4%) [(p=0.008, OR(95%):7.58(1.59-35.95)]. The incidence rate of kidney stone disease was higher among patients who underwent surgery (20%) compared to those who followed a diet plan (6%), but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.07). Additionally, a significant positive correlation was found between the incidence of gallstone disease and bariatric surgery, age, and BMI (p<0.05). Bariatric surgery was also significantly associated with a higher risk of developing kidney stones (p<0.05). No significant difference in the history and recurrence rates of gallstone and kidney stone diseases was found between the two groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Bariatric surgery may lead to a noticeable increase in the risk of developing gallstones and/or kidney stones in obese patients, particularly in older patients with a higher BMI.