Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale

Hamid Khanipour; Elham Fathi; Abolfazl Hatami Varzaneh; Masoud Geramipour; Mobina Radfar

doi:10.18502/ijps.v18i4.13633

Hamid Khanipour Institute for Educational, Psychological and Social Research, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Elham Fathi Hazrat-e Masoumeh University, Qom, Iran.
Abolfazl Hatami Varzaneh Hazrat-e Masoumeh University, Qom, Iran.
Masoud Geramipour Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Mobina Radfar Faculty of Psychology and Education, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v18i4.13633

Keywords: Emotional Awareness; Mindfulness; Parenting; Reliability and Validity

Abstract

Objective: This study was designed to explore the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IMP-S).

Method: This cross–sectional and psychometric study was performed on a sample of 491 parents in Iran who had at least one child in their home and were selected using the convenient sampling method. The Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IMP-S), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Parental Authority Questionnaire, and the Forms of Self-Criticizing/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale were ‎conducted on the sample. The validity of the IMP-S was assessed by factor analysis and Pearson correlation coefficients, while reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s alpha.

Results: At first, the whole data was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis based on the original English version of the IMP-S. The proposed hypothesized factor solution was not good enough (CMIN / DF = 7.06. RSMEA = 0.081, CFI = 0.732, SRMR = 0.0860). Exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis led to a three-factor structure for the 28 items, which included mindfulness toward the child, mindfulness about oneself and emotional awareness of parenting. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the data was more fitted with this new three-factor solution (CMIN / DF = 2.06, CFI = 0.82, NFI = 0.715, RMSEA = 0.065, SRMR = 0.0795). The IMP-S was found to have a positive correlation with trait mindfulness, reassured self, and authoritative parenting style, whereas this association for the IMP-S and hatred self, inadequate self, and authoritarian parenting style was negative. The reliability of the whole scale was 0.84 and it was 0.77, 0.83, and 0.68 for the first, second, and third subscales, respectively.

Conclusion: It seems that the Persian version of the IMP-S with three factors can better evaluate mindful parenting among the Iranian population. In contrast to people from other countries, Iranian people perceive mindfulness toward themselves and their children during parenting practice as two distinct issues.