In vitro study of antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity properties of Cordia myxa fruit extract

Mostafa H.  Al-Musawi; Kadhim M. Ibrahim; Salim Albukhaty

doi:10.18502/ijm.v14i1.8810

Mostafa H. Al-Musawi Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq
Kadhim M. Ibrahim Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Salim Albukhaty Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v14i1.8810

Keywords: Cordiamyxa fruit; Antioxidant activity; Cytotoxicity; Antibacaterial

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Medicinal plants have recently received much interest because of the low production costs and fewer side effects associated with remedies made from them compared with chemical therapies. The current study inves- tigated the antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity properties of an ethanol extract of Cordiamyxa fruit (CMF) extract.

Materials and Methods: The antioxidant activity of CMF was determined by measuring electron-donating ability with a 1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The phenolic content was calculated as Gallic acid equivalents using the Folin– Ciocalteu assay. To evaluate the efficiency of CMF, five multidrug-resistant bacterial strains (Salmonella enterica, Escherich- ia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were tested using the agar diffusion method. Furthermore, the cytotoxic activity of CMF was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dipheltetrazolium (MTT) assay against a healthy fibroblast (L929) cell line.

Results: The CMF ethanol extract was revealed to have substantial phenol and flavonoid content (113.71± 0.04 mg gallic acid/g dried extract and 68.9 ± 0.002 mg quercetin/g dried extract, respectively) that showed the highest percentage of DPPH inhibition (86.45%), which was achieved by ethanol extract at the concentration of 60 μg/ml,with excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, S. enterica, B. subtilis, and P. aeruginosa (17.5 ± 1.0, 14.9 ± 1.0, 13.3 ± 1.5, 15.7 ± 1.0, and 13.8 ± 1.5 mm IZ, respectively). In addition, no expressive antiproliferative effect was recorded in the assessment of cytotoxicity on L929 cells.

Conclusion: According to the current findings, CMF exhibits low cytotoxicity, antibacterial activity, and antioxidant prop- erties in vitro and can be developed for pharmaceutical and medical uses in the future.