Prevalence and antibiogram of uropathogens among Jordanian patients with chronic kidney disease

Authors

  • Esraa Mashhur Al-Zawahra Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
  • Rania Al-Groom Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Zarqa, Jordan
  • Rabaa Yousef Athamneh Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
  • Mohd Sajjad Ahmad Khan Department of Basic Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  • Mohamad Shatnawi Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University, AS-Salt, Jordan
  • Fuad Alhawarat Department of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Al-Hussein Bin Abdullah II Academy of Civil Protection, Al-Balqa Applied University, AS-Salt, Jordan
  • Abdullah Al-Adayleh Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Zarqa, Jordan
  • Sameeha Al-Thnaibat Department of Nutrition and Integrative Health, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan
  • Mustafa Alquran Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
  • Emad Alrwashdeh Department of Internal Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
  • Ahmed Aljafari Department of Internal Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
  • Tamara Tarawneh Department of Pediatrics, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
  • Afnan Belal Mfarej Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v18i5.22854

Keywords:

Antibiotic resistance; Chronic kidney disease; Gram-negative bacteria; Jordan; Multidrug resistance; Urinary tract infection

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a worldwide health issue that greatly heightens the risk of infections, especially urinary tract infections (UTIs), which are often caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. The pur- pose of this research was to examine the occurrence, and responsiveness of bacterial strains from UTI patients with chronic kidney disease in Jordan.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 150 participants, comprising 100 individuals with CKD and 50 as control. Urine samples were collected, cultured, and bacterial isolates were examined through biochemical assessments, and tests for antimicrobial susceptibility.

Results: Among 107 bacterial isolates, a significant number (85%) were identified as Gram-negative, with the most common being Escherichia coli (30%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.7%). Gram-positive bacteria made up 15% of the isolates, in- cluding Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. There was a notable resistance to norfloxacin (59.4%) and ciprofloxacin (56.1%), whereas colistin was the most effective, showing 94.5% susceptibility. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was widespread, particularly in E. coli, which had the highest MDR rate at 82.2%.

Conclusion: The study emphasizes the predominance of Gram-negative bacteria, along with alarming rates of antibiotic resistance in CKD patients with UTIs. The findings of the study highlight the importance of customized antibiotic treatments and strong antimicrobial stewardship initiatives to effectively address UTIs in this vulnerable group.

Published

2026-10-04

Issue

Volume (18) issue (5)

Section

Articles