Synergistic effects of Bacillus coagulans and Newcastle disease virus on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell proliferation

Hadi Esmaeili  Gouvarchinghaleh; Cyrus Jalili; Maryam Zamir Nasta; Fatemeh Mokhles; Elmira Afrasiab; Farhad Babaei

doi:10.18502/ijm.v16i1.14878

Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchinghaleh Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
Cyrus Jalili Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Maryam Zamir Nasta Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran
Fatemeh Mokhles Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
Elmira Afrasiab Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
Farhad Babaei Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v16i1.14878

Keywords: Colorectal cancer; HT29 cell line; Oncolytic virus; Newcastle disease virus; Bacillus coagulans; Apoptosis; Caspase; Cytotoxicity

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common type of cancer that has a high death rate and is be- coming more common in developed countries. Currently, there are several treatment options available for CRC patients, and clinical trials are being conducted to improve conventional therapies. This study investigates the combined impact of Bacillus coagulans (B.C) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) on the growth of human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT29 cell line).

Materials and Methods: The HT29 cell line was cultured under controlled laboratory conditions. They were treated with Fluorouracil (5-FU), NDV, and B.C., after which various assessments were conducted to determine the effects of these treat- ments. These assessments included MTT assay for cytotoxicity, evaluation of cell viability, and measurement of caspase 8 and 9 activity levels. The significance of the data was determined at a threshold of P<0.05 following analysis.

Results: The usage of NDV and B.C significantly increased cell death and reduced cell growth in the HT29 cell line, when compared to the control group. Moreover, the combined application of NDV and B.C along with 5-FU exhibited a synergistic effect in decreasing the proliferation of HT29 cells. Additionally, the results indicated that intrinsic apoptosis pathway was activated by B.C and NDV.

Conclusion: It appears that utilizing oncolytic viruses (OV) and bacteria in conjunction with chemotherapy drugs could potentially aid in reducing the growth of colorectal cancer cells. However, further research is necessary, including animal studies, to confirm the efficacy of this treatment method.