Diversity of biofilm-specific antimicrobial resistance genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from various clinical isolates

  • Aryan R. Ganjo Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
  • Fattma A. Ali Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
  • Safaa T. Aka Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
  • Bashdar M. Hussen Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
  • Sakar B. Smail Department of Microbiology, Par Hospital, Erbil, Iraq
Keywords: Biofilm; Drug resistance; Genetic variation; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Virulence factors

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics offers a significant challenge in the treatment of patients. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance profile, biofilm-specific antimicrobial resistance genes, and genetic diversity of P. aeruginosa recovered from clinical samples.

Materials and Methods: Totally 47 non-duplicate isolates of P. aeruginosa were recovered from various clinical samples. toxA, algD, ndvB, and tssC1 genes were detected in biofilm-producing isolates. The DNA sequences of the toxA and tssC1 genes were analyzed, by creating phylogenetic trees.

Results: The findings revealed that 30 (63.8%) of the isolates tested positive for Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), whereas 31 (65.9%) tested positive for Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) and all of the isolates presented the toxA genes, and 19.1%,17%, 6.3% presented by algD, ndvB and tssC1 genes. Besides, the phylogenetic trees of the toxA and tssC1 gene isolates suggested a genotype that was closely aligned with others. Gene sequencing similarity revealed 99% identity with other isolates deposited in GenBank.

Conclusion: The occurrence of toxA was most prevalent. One isolate was recorded as a novel isolate in the global gene bank as a locally isolated strain from the city of Erbil that has never been identified in global isolates due to genetic variation.

 

Published
2023-11-24
Section
Articles