High burden of MDR, XDR, PDR, and MBL producing Gram negative bacteria causing infections in Kermanshah health centers during 2019-2020

Sepide Kadivarian; Mosayeb Rostamian; Shirin Dashtbin; Sara Kooti; Zahra Zangeneh; Ramin Abiri; Amirhooshang Alvandi

doi:10.18502/ijm.v15i3.12896

Sepide Kadivarian Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Mosayeb Rostamian Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Shirin Dashtbin Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Sara Kooti Department of Basic Sciences, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
Zahra Zangeneh Department of Biology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran
Ramin Abiri Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Amirhooshang Alvandi Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Medical Technology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v15i3.12896

Keywords: Metallo-beta-lactamase; Antibiotic resistance; Multiple drug resistance; Gram negative bacteria

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Microorganisms producing Metallo-Beta-Lactamase (MBL) are a threat and cause of concern as they have become one of the most feared resistance mechanisms. This study was designed to explore the prevalence of MBL production in clinical isolates of Gram negative bacteria using phenotypic MBL detection.

Materials and Methods: A total of 248 isolates were collected from various clinical samples and were evaluated for car- bapenem resistance and MBL production. All strains were screened for MBL production using Double Disk Confirmatory Test (DDCT).

Results: The results of screening for MBL production using phenotypic disk diffusion method showed that in the 85 isolates were carbapenemase positive; including, 10 (16.1%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, 9 (14.5%) Escherichia coli, 58 (93.6%) Acine- tobacter baumannii, and 8 (12.9%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Also, 83 (97.6) Carbapenemase-producing isolates were resistant to at least four classes of antimicrobials (MDR).

Conclusion: A. baumannii was the most common carbapenem resistant bacterium in medical centers in Kermanshah. Significant multiple drug resistance (MDR) incidence was observed compared to different classes of antibiotics.