Anti SARS-CoV 2 IgG antibody response in fully vaccinated Covishield (AZD1222) and Covaxin (BBV-152) recipients: a study done in southern part of West Bengal, India

Partha Sarathi Satpathi; Sayantani Endow; Kripasindhu Gantait; Pearl Helena  Chand; Abhishek Jaiswal; Biswajit  Jana; Panchanan Kundu; Tarapada Ghosh

doi:10.18502/ijm.v14i5.10953

Partha Sarathi Satpathi Department of Microbiology, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India
Sayantani Endow Department of Microbiology, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India
Kripasindhu Gantait Department of Medicine, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India
Pearl Helena Chand Department of Microbiology, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India
Abhishek Jaiswal Department of Microbiology, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India
Biswajit Jana Department of Microbiology, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India
Panchanan Kundu Department of Anatomy, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India
Tarapada Ghosh Department of Pediatrics, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v14i5.10953

Keywords: Immunoglobulin G; Vaccination; India; Spike glycoprotein

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Vaccination being the only way to reduce mortality from the dreaded COVID-19 disease, the vaccine was introduced in India as per the advice of the National Expert Group on January 16, 2021. Duration of immune response elicited by the vaccines has always been a matter of content.With new variants emerging every other day, the study was done to look for the antibody response in vaccine recipients post second dose of vaccination.

Materials and Methods: A longitudinal observational study was conducted from August 2021 to February 2022 in fully vaccinated individuals who tookeither Covishield (AZD1222) or Covaxin (BBV-152). Blood was collected from the individ- uals at 12-16 weeks post-vaccination to look for IgG antibodyresponse against S1 spike protein of SARS-CoV2 by ELISA. Follow-up was done at 32 weeks post the second dose in individuals who had received Covishield.

Results: Among 176 individuals, IgG antibody against S1 spike protein was found to be positive in 89.7% (158). Covishield recipients showed higher antibodyresponse (99.1%) as compared to Covaxin recipients (71%). Antibody response was high- er in males, individuals less than 50 years, and non-comorbidindividuals. Of 38 Covishield recipients, IgG antibody response was positive in 28 (73.6%) individuals when followed up at 32 weeks post the second vaccination dose.

Conclusion: The study gives us input with regard to the long-term antibody kinetics of both vaccines. The study has a follow-up plan to co-relate the antibody response to the neutralization test.