Diagnostic Value of the Combination of Serum TH1/TH2 Cytokines, Procalcitonin, and High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein for Predicting the Severity of Pneumonia

Huadong  Zeng; Xuan  Huang; Guansheng  Zeng; Xian  Qiu; Xiaoli  Li; Dandan  Zhang; Shaoqiang  Zheng

doi:10.18502/ijaai.v25i3.21257

Huadong Zeng Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
Xuan Huang Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
Guansheng Zeng Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
Xian Qiu Health Management Center, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
Xiaoli Li Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
Dandan Zhang Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
Shaoqiang Zheng Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijaai.v25i3.21257

Keywords: Community-acquired pneumonia; High-sensitivity C-reactive protein; Procalcitonin; Serum TH1/TH2 cytokines

Abstract

T helper 1 (TH1) and T helper 2 (TH2) cells can secrete various proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, which can serve as indicators for predicting the severity of pneumonia.However, they are rarely used in combination with procalcitonin (PCT) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) detection to predict the severity of pneumonia. The purpose of this studyis to investigate the combination of serum TH1/TH2 cytokines, PCT, and hsCRP for predicting theseverity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).This study observed 58 inpatients with CAP. Analyses were conducted on the serum levels ofTH1/TH2 cytokines, PCT, and hsCRP; imaging examination results; underlying diseases; pathogens;and the pneumonia severity index (PSI).The severe pneumonia group showed significantly higher PSI scores, age, and complicationrates. Serum IL-2 was notably elevated in severe cases, while a combination of PCT, IL-4, TNF-α,and IFN-γ effectively predicted severe pneumonia, with an AUC of 0.712. Specific alterations incytokines and biomarkers were identified as risk factors for higher PSI, complications, andprolonged hospitalization.The combined detection of PCT, IL-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ provides a potential tool forpredicting severe CAP, and distinct biomarker profiles are associated with different clinicaloutcomes