Exercise and Immune System: A Comprehensive Review in the Era  of COVID-19 Outbreak

Sahar  Rahimi; Zahra  Sayevand; Leli Rezaie  Kahkhaie; Tayebeh  Ahmadi; Atena  Alifarsangi

doi:10.18502/ijaai.v24i4.19124

Sahar Rahimi Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Zahra Sayevand Department of Physical Education, Malayer Branch, Islamic Azad University, Malayer, Iran
Leli Rezaie Kahkhaie Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Amir Al Momenin Hospital, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
Tayebeh Ahmadi Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil, Iraq
Atena Alifarsangi Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijaai.v24i4.19124

Keywords: Corona virus; Covid 19; Exercise; Immune system; Physical activity

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the essential role of a strong immune system in fighting infectious diseases. Understanding the relationship between exercise, physical activity, and immune function is crucial for recognizing how lifestyle factors can improve immune resilience. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of exercise on the immune system during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, it presents recommendations, guidelines, and considerations for engaging in physical activity during this period. Based on the literature review, there is some controversy regarding the effects of high-intensity exercise on individuals' immune systems, whereas moderate exercise is generally beneficial in almost all cases. Also, individuals experiencing severe COVID-19 symptoms or other acute illnesses should abstain from physical activity until recovery.