Different Gene Expression Patterns of IL-1 Family Members in Parkinson's Disease: Results from Bayesian Regression Model

Negin Jafariaghdam; Majid Khoshmirsafa; Alireza Zamani; Elahe  Talebi-Ghane; Shadi Moradi; Faezeh Shahba; Mehrdokht Mazdeh; Mohammad Mahdi Eftekharian

doi:10.18502/ijaai.v23i1.14955

Negin Jafariaghdam Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Majid Khoshmirsafa Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Alireza Zamani Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Elahe Talebi-Ghane Modeling of noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Shadi Moradi Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Faezeh Shahba Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mehrdokht Mazdeh Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Mohammad Mahdi Eftekharian Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijaai.v23i1.14955

Keywords: Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-33; Interleukin-36; Parkinson disease

Abstract

Parkinson's disease, the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder lacking a recognized etiology, is influenced by oxidative stress and alterations in inflammatory cytokine levels. This study aimed to investigate the expression levels of Interleukin(IL)1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP), IL1β, IL1α, IL33, and IL36 genes in blood cells and serum IL-1β levels in Parkinson's disease patients compared to healthy controls (HCs).

In this case-control study, 44 Parkinson's disease patients and 44 age- and sex-matched HCs were included. Gene expression levels were assessed using Quantitative Real-time PCR, and serum IL-1β levels were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Advanced statistical analyses using the Bayesian regression model in R software were employed.

Parkinson's disease patients exhibited elevated expression levels of IL-1RAcP and IL1β genes but decreased levels of IL1α, IL33, and IL36 compared to HCs. Age-based differences were not significant. Regarding gender, IL33 transcript levels were significantly higher in males, and serum IL-1β levels were increased in patients. Subgroup analysis by gender indicated alterations in IL1β and IL-1RAcP expression in both genders, while IL1α, IL33, and IL36 showed reduced expression only in males. Remarkably, only female patients displayed significantly higher serum IL-1β levels than female HCs.

These findings suggest that dysregulation of immune-related factors plays a crucial role in Parkinson's disease.