Effect of Temperature and Humidity on the Allegro-inflammatory Factors  and Allergic Rhinitis-related Behavior

Shen Yonghua; Entezar Mehrabi Nasab; Yen Liuo

doi:10.18502/ijaai.v21i6.11531

Shen Yonghua Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
Entezar Mehrabi Nasab Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Yen Liuo Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, HongiHui Hospital, Xi’an University, Xi'an, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijaai.v21i6.11531

Keywords: Gene expression; Histamine; Leukotrienes; Sneezing

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic disease induced by the T helper 2 (T_H2) lymphocyte immune response, where its mediators are the primary cause of clinical symptoms. Environmental factors are the primary determinants of the allergic response in genetically susceptible individuals. This study investigates the effects of climate conditions (warm, cold, humid, and dry) on allergic rhinitis.

AR models were created in mice under 4 different conditions. We investigated AR-related behavior (sneezing and nose rubbing), as well as total immunoglobulin E (IgE), histamine, interleukin-4 (IL-4), leukotriene (LT) B4 and LTC4 levels, and gene expression of CysLT1R, HRH1, and MUC5a.

Nose rubbing, histamine levels, and the expression of MUC5a and HRH1 were increased in AR models in cold conditions, and sneezing was increased in AR models kept in dry conditions. LTB4 and LTC4 levels and the expression of CysLT1R in AR models kept in a wet environment also significantly increased compared with the control group. The levels of total IgE and IL-4 showed no significant changes.

Air temperature and humidity affect AR pathophysiology, and weather conditions can be essential in controlling AR.