Biological Features of CD5+ CD19+ B1 Cell and Natural IgM (VH4-34)  in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia vs. Multiple Sclerosis

Shaghayegh Pezeshki; Mir Hadi Jazayeri; Bahram Chahardouli; Nader Tajik; Seyed Massood Nabavi; Mahdi Akbarzadeh

doi:10.18502/ijaai.v21i6.11527

Shaghayegh Pezeshki Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mir Hadi Jazayeri Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Bahram Chahardouli Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Nader Tajik Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Seyed Massood Nabavi Department of Regenerative Medicine, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Mahdi Akbarzadeh School of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijaai.v21i6.11527

Keywords: CD5 CD19 B cells; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; Multiple sclerosis; Natural IgM; VH4-34 gene

Abstract

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the clonal expansion of mature CD5+ B cells and the most common lymphoproliferative disease in adults (B1-CLL). B1 cells' anti-inflammatory effects include the production of natural IgM (nIgM) by the spleen and bone marrow, decreased inflammatory cytokines as a primary response to maintaining tissue homeostasis, and enhanced release of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ).

We used the flow cytometry technique in peripheral blood from patients with CLL and multiple sclerosis (MS) to immunophenotype B cells and their subpopulations. Whole blood from CLL and MS patients, as well as healthy controls, was used to detect nIgM using the VH4-34 gene copy number and real-time RT-PCR.

We found that the proportion of CD5+ B cells was significantly lower in MS patients than in the control group and that CD5+ B lymphocytes were significantly higher in CLL patients than in the control group. Compared to the control group, CLL patients had significantly higher levels of the VH4-34 gene copy number. On the contrary, MS patients had significantly lower VH4-34 gene copy number levels compared to the control group.

As the number of antibodies in CLL patients increases due to the high number of B1 cells, we propose a new way to treat MS by extracting this natural antibody from the sera of CLL patients and injecting it into MS patients.