The Prognostic Value of Echocardiographic Findings in Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality of COVID-19 Patients

Roxana Sadeghi; Amirmohammad  Toloui; Asma Pourhoseingholi; Niloufar Taherpour; Mohammad Sistanizad; Fatemeh Omidi; Mohammad  Haji Aghajani

doi:10.18502/fem.v5i4.6689

Roxana Sadeghi Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Amirmohammad Toloui Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Asma Pourhoseingholi Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Niloufar Taherpour Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Sistanizad Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Fatemeh Omidi Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Haji Aghajani Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/fem.v5i4.6689

Keywords: Echocardiography; Mortality; Outcome; SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

Introduction: The correlation between echocardiographic findings and the outcome of COVID-19 patients is still under debate.

Objective: In the present study it has been endeavored to evaluate the cardiovascular condition of COVID-19 patients using echocardiography and to assess the association of these findings with in-hospital mortality.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, hospitalized COVID-19 patients from February to July 2020 with at least one echocardiogram were included. Data were extracted from patients’ medical records and the association between echocardiographic findings and in-hospital mortality was assessed using a multivariate model. The findings were reported as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).

Results: Data from 102 COVID-19 hospitalized patients were encompassed in the present study (63.7±15.7 mean age; 60.8% male). Thirty patients (29.4%) died during hospitalization. Tricuspid regurgitation (89.2%), mitral valve regurgitation (89.2%), left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction (67.6%), pulmonary valve insufficiency (PI) (45.1%) and LV systolic dysfunction (41.2%) were the most common findings on patients’ echocardiogram. The analyses of data showed that LV systolic (p=0.242) and diastolic (p=0.085) dysfunction was not associated with in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients, while the presence of PI (RR=1.85; 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.33; p=0.042) and patients’ age (RR=1.03; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.08; p=0.009) were the two independent prognostic factors of in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions: It seems that LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction was not associated with in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients. However, presence and PI and old age are possible prognostic factors of COVID-19 in-hospital mortality. Therefore, using echocardiography might be useful in management of COVID-19.