Assessing the risk perception of COVID-19 among non-infected people attending emergency departments of selected hospitals in western Iran

Farideh Malekshahi; Parastoo Baharvand; Hadi Ghaderinejhad

doi:10.18502/fem.v7i3.13822

Farideh Malekshahi Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
Parastoo Baharvand Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
Hadi Ghaderinejhad Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/fem.v7i3.13822

Keywords: Coronavirus; Infectious Diseases; Risk Factors

Abstract

Objective: It is important to know people’s perceptions of the risks related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for controlling the pandemic. This study aims to assess the risk perception of COVID-19 among non-infected people referred to emergency departments (ED) of hospitals in Khorramabad, Iran during the pandemic and its related demographic factors.

Methods: This is descriptive/analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Participants were 380 adults referred to the ED of four hospitals (Shohadaye Ashayer, Shahid Rahimi, Asali, and Shahid Madani) in Khorramabad city in 2021 who were not infected by COVID-19. For data collection, the risk perception of COVID-19 questionnaire was used. Data were described using mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage. Chi-squared test was used in SPSS v.22 software to find the related demographic factors.

Results: It was found that 5 people (1.3%) had a moderate perception, 206 (54.2%) had good perception, and 169 (44.5%) had high perception. No one had poor risk perception. According to them, “own knowledge and experience” was the most effective factor in preventing COVID-19 followed by “the advice of experts in the media” and “the advice of friends and family”. Chi-squared test results showed a significant difference in risk perception among people in terms of age (P=0.002) and marital status (P=0.001); the age group <25 years and single people had lower risk perceptions.

Conclusion: The risk perception of COVID-19 in people referred to the EDs in western Iran is at good level but is not high. It is necessary to improve their risk perception by education and increasing awareness on social media.