Cardiac arrest: an interdisciplinary scoping review of clinical literature from 2021

Charles W. Hwang; Travis W. Murphy; Jesseca Antoine; K. Leslie Avery; Casey Carr; Francis Han; Garrett Snipes; Sonya Zhou; Torben K. Becker

doi:10.18502/fem.v7i1.11698

Charles W. Hwang Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Travis W. Murphy Cardiothoracic Critical Care, Miami Transplant Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
Jesseca Antoine Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
K. Leslie Avery Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Casey Carr Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Francis Han Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, USA.
Garrett Snipes Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Sonya Zhou Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Torben K. Becker Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/fem.v7i1.11698

Keywords: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Emergency Medical Services; Epidemiology; Heart Arrest; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest; Sudden Cardiac Death

Abstract

The Interdisciplinary Cardiac Arrest Research Review (ICARE) group was formed in 2018 to conduct an annual search of peer-reviewed literature relevant to cardiac arrest. Now in its fourth year, the goals of this review are to highlight annual updates on clinically relevant and impactful clinical and population-level studies in the interdisciplinary world of cardiac arrest research from 2021. To achieve these goals, a search of PubMed using keywords related to clinical research in cardiac arrest was conducted. Titles and abstracts were screened for relevance and sorted into seven categories: Epidemiology & Public Health; Prehospital Resuscitation; In-Hospital Resuscitation & Post-Arrest Care; Prognostication & Outcomes; Pediatrics; Interdisciplinary Guidelines; and Coronavirus disease 2019. Screened manuscripts underwent standardized scoring of methodological quality and impact by reviewer teams lead by a subject matter expert editor. Articles scoring higher than 99^th percentile by category were selected for full critique. Systematic differences between editors’ and reviewers’ scores were assessed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. A total of 4,730 articles were identified on initial search; of these, 1,677 were scored after screening for relevance and deduplication. Compared to the 2020 ICARE review, this represents a relative increase of 32% and 63%, respectively. Ultimately, 44 articles underwent full critique. The leading category was In-Hospital Resuscitation, representing 41% of fully reviewed articles, followed by Prehospital Resuscitation (20%) and Interdisciplinary Guidelines (16%). In conclusion, several clinically relevant studies in 2021 have added to the evidence base for the management of cardiac arrest patients including implementation and incorporation of resuscitation systems, technology, and quality improvement programs to improve resuscitation.