The Diverse Roles of Hyaluronidase: Revealing Its Biochemical, Preclinical, and Clinical Applications

Abstract

Hyaluronidase, a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of hyaluronic acid, plays a pivotal role in modulating the extracellular matrix and enhancing tissue permeability. Hyaluronidase has gained widespread attention for its diverse biochemical properties and expanding therapeutic potential. This review provides a comprehensive overview of hyaluronidase, focusing on its biochemical characteristics, mechanisms of action, and regulatory pathways. We examine its utility in preclinical models, highlighting its role in drug delivery, tissue remodeling, and cancer research. Clinically, hyaluronidase has been employed in various domains, including ophthalmology, dermatology, oncology, and as an adjuvant in subcutaneous and intramuscular drug administration. Additionally, its role in reversing complications from dermal filler injections has led to increased use in aesthetic medicine. Despite its broad application, challenges such as immunogenicity, variability in enzyme sources, and potential adverse effects warrant continued investigation. Through an integrated analysis of current evidence, this review aims to elucidate the multifaceted roles of hyaluronidase and explore its emerging applications in modern medicine