Gender-Based Violence and Access to Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare for Migrant Women in Morocco: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Introduction: Migrant women face multiple vulnerabilities during their journey and in host countries, particularly regarding access to sexual and reproductive health services. In Morocco, migrant women are exposed to gender-based violence due to administrative irregularities, economic precariousness, and social exclusion. This violence negatively impacts their health and limits their access to essential care. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in July 2024 in Rabat and Casablanca, two regions with a high concentration of migrants. Focus group discussions were carried out with 48 participants, including women and men from sub-Saharan African countries. Participants were selected based on their experience with health services and their willingness to share their experiences. The data were manually transcribed and analysed thematically. Results: The study included 48 participants, mainly from Côte d'Ivoire (60%), with an average age of 30 (range: 18-49). Most participants (92%) had irregular migration status, with an average duration of stay in Morocco of 2.5 years. Only 6% had medical coverage and 33% reported experiencing gender-based violence, mainly among women. Barriers to accessing care include a lack of information, language difficulties, social stigma, discrimination, and administrative obstacles. Despite these challenges, access was facilitated by support from NGOs such as Caritas, Médecins du Monde, and the Moroccan Association for the Fight Against AIDS (ALCS), as well as awareness campaigns focused on family planning, HIV/STI prevention, and gender-based violence. Conclusion: Gender-based violence remains a significant barrier to accessing health services for migrant women in Morocco. Improving access requires better health information, multilingual support, and anti-discrimination measures to ensure equitable care for all women, regardless of their migration status.