The Association between Oral Contraceptive Pills and Subtypes of Ovarian Cancer: A Sys- tematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Maedeh  Arshadi; Fateme Shakeri  Shamsi; Zahra  Beygi; Fateme  Ebrahimi; Hosein  Azizi; Shahriyar  Ghanbarzadeh javid; Farzad  Khodamoradi

doi:10.18502/jbe.v10i3.17924

Maedeh Arshadi Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Fateme Shakeri Shamsi Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Zahra Beygi Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Fateme Ebrahimi Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Iran.
Hosein Azizi Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Shahriyar Ghanbarzadeh javid Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Farzad Khodamoradi Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jbe.v10i3.17924

Keywords: Subtypes of ovarian Cancer; Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs); Systematic review; Meta-analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Limited studies have been conducted on the effect of oral contraceptive pills on the subgroupsof ovarian cancer, so we decided that conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effectof preventive pills on ovarian cancer subgroups.

Methods: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE were searched to identify studies on the associationbetween OCPs and subtypes of ovarian cancer from January 1, 2000, through February 5, 2023. The pooledrelative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR) were used to measure this association.

Results: A total of 48 studies were included. In the association between ever-use compared with never-use ofOCPs and ovarian cancer risk, the pooled RR in cohort studies was 0.69 [95% CI: 0.61, 0.78], and the pooledOR of the case-control studies was 0.64 [95% CI: 0.59, 0.69]. For the association between OCPs and subtypesof ovarian cancer, there is a significant inverse association between OCPs and serous 0.72 [95% CI: 0.23, 0.82]and endometrioid 0.74 [95% CI: 0.64, 0.86], but no association between OCPs and clear cell 0.84 [95% CI:0.60, 1.16] and mucinous 0.80 [95% CI: 0.63, 1.01].

Conclusion: This study shows a statistically significant inverse association between ever-use compared tonever-use of OCPs and ovarian cancer risk. Also shows a statistically significant inverse association betweenserous and endometrioid cancer and OCPs, but no association between OCPs and clear cell and mucinous.