https://publish.kne-publishing.com/index.php/fid <p><strong><em>Frontiers in Dentistry (Formerly known as :Journal of Dentistry of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (JDT))</em></strong>&nbsp;is the first Iranian dental journal in English.&nbsp;<strong><em>FD</em></strong>&nbsp;is an Open Access,&nbsp;Peer-Reviewed bimonthly journal published by Dental Research Center (DRC) of Tehran University of Medical Sciences which is a dynamic, rapidly growing research center.</p> <p>The Journal aims to publish novel and high quality relevant information written by peers to researchers and readers involved in all fields of dentistry, oral health sciences and related&nbsp;<span dir="LTR">interdisciplinaries,&nbsp;</span>strives to keep pace with the rapid growth of publications, and move on to the edge of knowledge in this field.</p> <p><strong data-stringify-type="bold">All the manuscripts should be submitted through the Journal Primary Website at <a href="https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/about/submissions">https://fid.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fid/about/submissions</a></strong></p> Tehran University of Medical Sciences en-US Frontiers in Dentistry 2676-296X https://publish.kne-publishing.com/index.php/fid/article/view/18215 <p><strong>Objectives:</strong> Retained cement is an idiopathic factor contributing to early implant loss, making the selection of cement with minimal toxicity to peri-implant hard and soft tissues crucial. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of three types of temporary cements and titanium specimens cemented with each, following direct exposure to human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and MG-63 osteoblast-like cells. Materials and</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> In this in vitro study, zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE), eugenol-free zinc oxide (ZONE), and resin (R) cements were prepared in cylindrical forms of similar dimensions. Each cement was applied to titanium disks to create cemented titanium samples. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT assay at 24 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days. Cytotoxicity was assessed on HGF and MG-63 osteoblast-like cells using the MTT assay at 24, 72 hours, and 7 days. Data analysis involved two-way and one-way ANOVA, with Tukey's post-hoc tests, and statistical significance was defined as P&lt;0.05.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> All cements significantly reduced cell viability in both cell lines. None of the cements demonstrated cellular viability percentages above the minimum threshold (70%) required for biocompatibility. The cytotoxicity of the cemented titanium disks was not significantly different from that of the cement-only samples (P&gt;0.05). Additionally, there were no significant differences in the sensitivity of MG-63 osteoblast-like cells and HGF cells to the evaluated cements.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The composition of the cement played a significant role in the host cell response. This study demonstrated that dental cements could induce tissue toxicity in the gingiva and bones, ultimately affecting implant survival.</p> Siamak Yaghobee Hoori Aslroosta Sadegh Hasannia Farzaneh Poursafar Copyright (c) 2025 Frontiers in Dentistry 2025-03-16 2025-03-16 10.18502/fid.v22i11.18215