Consequences modeling and determining of safe distance in the natural gas pressure reduction station using PHAST software  (Case study: Borumi station in Ahvaz)

A  Torfi Alivi; F  Shahraki; MR  Sardashti Birjandi; MM Khalilipour Langerudi

doi:10.18502/tkj.v15i1.12978

A Torfi Alivi Masters student, Department of Chemical Engineering, Shahid Nikbakht Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
F Shahraki Professor Department of Chemical Engineering, Shahid Nikbakht Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
MR Sardashti Birjandi Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Shahid Nikbakht Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
MM Khalilipour Langerudi Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Shahid Nikbakht Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/tkj.v15i1.12978

Keywords: Toxic Gas Release, Explosion Modeling, Process Accident Modeling, Quantitative Risk Assessment, PHAST Software

Abstract

Introduction: Gas pressure reduction stations are one of the most important parts of natural gas distribution networks. Risk assessment in operational units is a suitable method to assess risks, and their results can be used for management and decision-making regarding control and reduction of its consequences without critical concern. In other words, risk assessment is a process that identifies risks, assesses losses and determines risk characteristics. The present study aimed to model possible accidents, the subsequent evaluation of the consequences, and determination of safe boundaries in the suburban natural gas pressure reduction station located in the Bromi area of Ahvaz city using PHAST software.

Materials and Methods: In this study, possible scenarios based on the investigated background and utilizing the process data of the studied gas pressure reduction station, such as temperature, gas pressure, gas analysis, and meteorological data, and also using Pasquil's classification of atmospheric conditions the safe boundaries in the suburban natural gas pressure reduction station was investigated using PHAST software version 22.8 and. For this purpose, 6 possible scenarios were investigated in the selected atmospheric classes as well as the worst possible conditions. The consequences were evaluated based on different states of gas discharge, gas release, flash fire, sudden fire, and explosion.

Results: Based on the obtained results, the areas with high-risk potential were related to gas release and explosion, respectively. Also, the highest risk range belonging to scenario number five was reported for a gas explosion with atmospheric class F and wave intensity of 0.02068 bars and equivalent to 358.5 meters. In this range, according to the damage caused by the explosion, with a probability of 95%, without serious damage, 50% of the windows will be broken, and therefore it can cause human injuries. Based on this, the safe distance in this station was determined to be 358.5 meters.

Conclusion: Based on concerns about the lack of risk assessment studies over the initial phases and during the operation of the station, the study shows that determining the safe boundaries and high-risk areas along with the priority of risk reduction is very necessary. It can be concluded that the modeling of accidents and the evaluation of the resulting consequences along with the determination of safe boundaries is one of the basic factors in the health of the working environment of personnel and the general public.