Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Nano niosomal Delivery system Containing paclitaxel drug for Drug Delivery to Osteosarcoma Cell Line (Saos-2)

Mohammad Javad Pourmahmoudian; Seyed Mahdi Kalantar; Bibi Fatemeh  Haghiralsadat

doi:10.18502/ssu.v30i4.9899

Mohammad Javad Pourmahmoudian Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Seyed Mahdi Kalantar Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Bibi Fatemeh Haghiralsadat Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v30i4.9899

Keywords: Drug Delivery, Osteosarcoma, Niosome, PEGylation, Paclitaxel, Saos 2, HFF.

Abstract

Introduction: Osteosarcoma is the most common type of bone cancer which current chemotherapy treatment strategies have not been very successful due to multiple drug resistance and diverse side effects. The use of nano niosomal delivery system as a drug delivery is one of the new approaches to overcome these limitations. Paclitaxel is an anti-cancer chemotherapy drug used in the treatment of various types of cancers. In this study, various niosomal formulations was designed and synthesized to load Paclitaxel to increase drug efficiency on Saos-2 cell line and overcome the problems of the present treatment..

Methods: Various neosomal formulations containing paclitaxel anti-cancer drug were designed and synthesized. For this purpose, neosomal formulations were prepared based on the ratio of different cholesterol and surfactants. Niosomal formulations and their effects on drug loading and drug release were then studied and interpreted. Cytotoxicity on Saos-2 cell line was assessed using GraphPad Prism 9 MTT test software.

Results: PEGylate's niosomal formulation with cholesterol: Tween 60 and ratio (25:75) has the highest paclitaxel insertion efficiency of 74.89%, size 115.4 nm, surface charge of -12.97 mV and the release 79.83%. This formulation had the highest cumulative release and was considered as a final and optimal was selected. Optimal PEGylate's niosomal system containing paclitaxel was able to show higher toxicity on Saos-2 cell line than free drug. Moreover, this nanosystem alone and without drug had no significant toxicity effect in normal fibroblast cell line (HFF).

Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that the use of PEGylated niosomal nanocarriers can be used as a promising strategy for future studies in the treatment of bone cancer, especially osteosarcoma.