A Comparative Study of Candida Species and Colonization in Whole Saliva of Controlled and Uncontrolled Diabetic Patients with Fasting Blood Sugar

Fatemeh   Owlia; Abbas-Ali   Jafari; Saeed Hossein   Khalilzadeh; Fatemeh   Hajimir

doi:10.18502/ssu.v29i1.5885

Fatemeh Owlia Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Social Determinants of Oral Health Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
Abbas-Ali Jafari Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
Saeed Hossein Khalilzadeh Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Yazd, Iran.
Fatemeh Hajimir DDS, Private Practice, Yazd, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v29i1.5885

Keywords: Uncontrolled diabetics, Candida, Saliva, Fasting blood glucose level.

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is the most common metabolic disease, which can cause different effects on oral mucosa. Oral candidiasis is one of the most common lesions, particularly in un-controlled diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was evaluation of relationship between Candida colony counts of whole saliva and fasting blood sugar level and determination of candida species in un-controlled and controlled diabetic patients.

Methods: This analytical case-control study was conducted on ninety diabetic patients, consisted of 45 patients with uncontrolled diabetes (HBA1C>7) and 45 patients with controlled diabetes (HBA1C<7). Demographic data and history of systemic disease were evaluated. The whole saliva samples were collected by spitting method and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and chromogenic agar for determining oral candida spices and colonization. Data were analyzed using SPSS17 and statistical T-test, chi-square and Pearson correlation tests.

Results: Data analysis showed statistically significant higher positive candidal growth in uncontrolled group when compared to controlled group. C. albicans was the most common isolated Candida species in both groups. Significant positive correlation of CFU/ml with fasting blood sugar level in both groups was not seen.

Conclusion: In spite of higher rate of candida colonization in uncontrolled diabetic patients, there is no significant relation with fasting blood sugar level.