Job Embeddedness and Job Withdrawal Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Job Burnout and the Moderating Effect of Role Overload among Healthcare Staff

Najmeh Ghanipour  Meybodi; Mojtaba  Farokhi; Mohammad Shaker  Ardakani

doi:10.18502/ssu.v34i1.21526

Najmeh Ghanipour Meybodi Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran.
Mojtaba Farokhi Department of Management, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran.
Mohammad Shaker Ardakani Department of Management, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v34i1.21526

Keywords: Job embeddedness, Job withdrawal behaviors, Job burnout, Role overload, Healthcare Staff

Abstract

Introduction: In the current era, retaining human resources can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of organizations. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between job embeddedness and employee withdrawal behaviors, with job burnout serving as a mediating variable and role overload acting as a moderator variable.

Methods: This applied study, using a descriptive–correlational design, was conducted among the clinical staff at Imam Jafar Sadiq Hospital in Meybod City, Yazd, Iran. The sample size included 221 participants selected from a population of 260 nurses using convenience sampling, guided by Cohen’s formula. Data were collected using four questionnaires: job embeddedness (Kacsey et al., 2007), withdrawal behaviors (Culquit et al., 2010), job burnout (Thomas et al., 2014), and role overload (Spector & Jex, 1998). Content and construct validity were assessed through convergent and discriminant validity, and reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 16, and hypothesis testing was conducted using structural equation modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS4 software.

Results: The results revealed a positive and significant relationship between job embeddedness and job burnout, as well as between job burnout and withdrawal behaviors (p = 0.000). Moreover, job burnout fully mediated the relationship between job embeddedness and withdrawal behaviors at a significance level of (p = 0.000).

Conclusion: Focusing on job embeddedness among healthcare personnel and providing favorable working conditions, providing psychological support, and strengthening employees’ sense of job attachment can improve both physical and mental health, enhance the quality of healthcare services, and increase overall organizational productivity.