Studying the Relationship between Demographic and Economic Indicators and Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease in Patients Referred to Hospitals Affiliated with Tehran Azad Medical Sciences in 2023-2024

Leila Azizi  FatahAbad; Parisa  Shojaei

doi:10.18502/ssu.v34i1.21523

Leila Azizi FatahAbad Faculty of Medicine, TMS.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Parisa Shojaei Faculty of Medicine, TMS.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v34i1.21523

Keywords: Social factors, Coronary heart disease, Risk factor, Diabetes, Blood pressure, Smoking, Physical inactivity.

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between demographic and economic indicators and risk factors for coronary artery disease in patients referred to hospitals affiliated with Tehran Azad Medical Sciences in 2023-2024.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted following the obtaining ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences. A total of 371 patients referred to hospitals affiliated with Tehran Azad Medical Sciences in 2023-2024 who met the inclusion criteria were selected and entered into the study through a convenience sampling method. Demographic information, including age, gender, employment status, maximum level of education, as well as their place of residence (categorized as urban or rural), along with cardiovascular risk factors were collected using a data collection form. Subsequently, the collected information was entered into SPSS version 26 software and analyzed.

Results: The mean age of patients was 51.7±13.4 years and more than 90% of them had a sedentary lifestyle. Increasing age (OR=1.033 and p=0.002) and having a lower educational level (p=0.022) was significantly associated with an increased risk of diabetes. Gender was significantly associated with blood pressure (OR=2.551 and p<0.001) and smoking (OR=1.646 and p=0.04). Other social variables such as employment status and place of residence did not have a significant relationship with examined risk factors.

Conclusion: The results showed that some social factors such as age, education, and gender are associated with some cardiac risk factors. These findings highlight the importance of identifying and targeting preventive interventions based on the social circumstances of patients.