Relationship of Edentulism on Anatomical Indicators: Panoramic Radiographs of Patients Referred to Radiology Department of Yazd Faculty Dentistry

Shima  Mosallaeipour; Mehdi  Azadi; Seyed Hossein  Razavi; Mahjoubeh-Sadat  Entezareghaem

doi:10.18502/ssu.v34i1.21522

Shima Mosallaeipour Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science Faculty of Dentistry Oral Medicine Department, Yazd, Iran.
Mehdi Azadi Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science Faculty of Dentistry Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Yazd, Iran.
Seyed Hossein Razavi Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science Faculty of Dentistry Radiology Department, Yazd, Iran.
Mahjoubeh-Sadat Entezareghaem Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science Faculty of Dentistry Radiology Department, Yazd, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v34i1.21522

Keywords: Radiography, Panoramic, Anatomic Landmarks, Mouth, Edentulous.

Abstract

Introduction: Edentulism refers to the complete loss of all natural and permanent teeth. This condition can influence various aspects of a person's quality of life such as speaking, smiling and eating. In this study, the effects of edentulism on anatomical-indicators of the lower jaw were investigated in panoramic radiographic images.

Methods: Panoramic images were categorized into three groups: elderly without teeth (aged 50-69 years), elderly with teeth (aged 50-69 years) and young with teeth (aged 20-39 years) from the dental faculty. The parameters measured and recorded on the checklist included Gonial Angle (GA), Antegonial Notch Depth (AND), Ramus Notch Depth (RND), Ramus Height (RH) and Condylar Height (CH). For statistical analysis and comparison of results, ANOVA, T-test, Chi squared and Fishers exact Tests were employed.

Results: A significant difference was observed in GA, CH, RH, AND, and RND among the three groups (P < 0.001). In the sub-group comparisons based on ANOVA and T-test, a significant difference was observed between the groups (P<0.001). Edentulous individuals showed a lower average RH compared with the elderly edentulous group. There was a significant difference in GA among the groups, and edentulous subjects showed higher average values of GA than young and old edentulous groups. Individuals without teeth had higher mean values of CH than people with teeth and there was a significant difference between groups. The young athletes showed lower mean values of RND, and AND.

Conclusion: The present study concluded that GA, CH, RH, AND, and RND parameters are affected by edentulism and a significant difference was observed between edentulous and dentate. Edentulism may have the potential to increase GA and decrease RH. According to the results, edentulism may affect GA, AND and RND, and with increasing age, the depth of incisions increases. Comparing different ages allows us to predict the morphological parameters of the mandible before the edentulous-state.