Effectiveness of a Period High Intensity Interval Training and Bee Pollen Consumption on the Level of Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase B in Hippocampus Rats Exposed to Cadmium

Sam Rahmani  Chegani; Mehdi  Roozbahani; Seyed Ali  Hosseini; Ahmad Hemat  Far; Masoud  Moeini

doi:10.18502/ssu.v32i12.17944

Sam Rahmani Chegani Department of Physical Education, Borujard Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujard, Iran
Mehdi Roozbahani Department of Physical Education, Borujard Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujard, Iran
Seyed Ali Hosseini Department of Sports Physiology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.
Ahmad Hemat Far Department of Physical Education, Borujard Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujard, Iran.
Masoud Moeini Sports Physiology Department, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v32i12.17944

Keywords: Bee pollen, Cadmium, HIIT training, Laboratory mice, TRKb.

Abstract

Introduction: The present study investigated the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and pollen (PO) on tyrosine kinase receptor B (TRKb) in mice exposed to cadmium. Studies have shown that cadmium causes a decrease in BDNF and inactivation of TRKb.

Methods: 25 male Sprague-Dawley mice were selected at the age of 8 weeks, and were randomly replaced in five groups of five, which included the healthy control group (HC), the cadmium control group CD), cadmium + pollen group (PO), cadmium group + intense intermittent exercise (HIIT), cadmium + pollen group + intense intermittent exercise (HIIT-PO) group. Cadmium was administered as cadmium chloride 400 mg/kg.l dissolved in water to all groups except the healthy control. Daily, 200 mg of flower pollen in 2.4 cc of normal saline was given by gavage to groups (PO/HIIT-PO). To determine the maximum intensity of exercise, the standard Bedford incremental test was used for the HIIT-PO and HIIT groups. 48 hours after the final training session and supplementation, the mice were anesthetized using ketamine (50 mg/kg) and xylosine (20 mg/kg) after a 12-hour fasting period. The hippocampus of the brain was extracted and the data were analyzed using independent T-test and two-way ANOVA with SPSS 16 software.

Results: Cadmium significantly decreased TRKb (P≤0.05), HIIT training and pollen supplementation significantly increased TRKb, and the interaction effect of HIIT training and pollen supplementation was also significant (P≤0.05).

Conclusion: It is possible that the antioxidant effects of pollen can increase TRKb levels, HIIT training increases the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the brain, which can facilitate the synthesis of BDNF and therefore increase TRKb levels.