Relation of PLCζ Gene with Sperm and Oocyte Parameters in Infertility Treatment based on Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Review

Fatemeh Mehrabi; Mohammad Ebrahim Parsanezha; Mehrdad shariati; Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh

doi:10.18502/ssu.v30i12.11961

Fatemeh Mehrabi Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
Mohammad Ebrahim Parsanezha Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Mehrdad shariati Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun Branch, Kazerun, Iran.
Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v30i12.11961

Keywords: Infertility, Intracytoplasmic Sperm injection, In-vitro fertilization.

Abstract

Introduction: As the world's population increases, the incidence of infertility is increasing, and infertility is now considered to affect 8–12% of couples worldwide. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is revolutionizing the field of reproductive medicine and strives continuously to provide infertile patients with access to appropriate and efficient treatments. However, some causes leading to total/low fertilization rate in ART have been addressed. Phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ) is the main sperm-specific factor responsible for triggering oocyte activation (OA). Therefore, PLCζ abnormalities, including low and absent expression as well as its mutation has been described as one of the fertility rate inducers resulted from the oocyte activation deficiency and sperm parameters abnormalities and failed IVF and ICSI cycles. In this review article we have aimed to focus on the latest information of the PLCζ published data in the Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct and PubMed databases and resulted in the failed IVF and ICSI and recurrent ICSI and IVF failure. In addition the investigations on PLCζ gene and its coded protein in the animals have been also reported.

Conclusion:.Studies have shown that the change in PLCζ expression and its mutations can cause a decrease in the fertilization rate due to egg activation defects and abnormalities in sperm parameters and failure in ART.