Epidemiology of Psychiatric Disorders and the Relevant Comorbidities in Children and Adolescents in Yazd Province in 2016

Nastaran Ahmadi; Mohammad Reza Mohammadi; Seyed Mahmood Sadr Bafghi; Seyed Mojtaba  Yassini Ardekani; Masoud Mirzaei; Zahra Hooshyari; Seyed Salman Alavi; Fatemeh Rismanian Yazdi; Mahla Zahedifard; Seyed Mohsen Araghi; Amir Houshang Mehrparvar

doi:10.18502/ssu.v30i11.11783

Nastaran Ahmadi Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Mohammad Reza Mohammadi Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Seyed Mahmood Sadr Bafghi Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Seyed Mojtaba Yassini Ardekani Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Masoud Mirzaei Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Zahra Hooshyari Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Seyed Salman Alavi Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Fatemeh Rismanian Yazdi Yazd University, Iran.
Mahla Zahedifard Department of Psychology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Seyed Mohsen Araghi Department of Psychology, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.
Amir Houshang Mehrparvar Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v30i11.11783

Keywords: Psychiatric disorder, Prevalence, Child, Adolescent.

Abstract

Introduction: Due to significant social, economic, cultural, and lifestyle changes in Iran during past decades and the relationship among the unstable social and economic status and mental complications the study of psychiatric disorders has become important and necessary, the aim of this study was epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents.

Methods: A total of 1035 children aged 6-18 years from Yazd Province, Iran were enrolled in this cross-sectional study in 2017 using a multistage cluster sampling method. Data were collected using the following inventories for school-age children (6-18 years): Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SAD-SPL). Logistic regression and SPSS version 16 software were used for data analysis.

Results: 44.1% of participants were boys and 55.9% were girls. The mean age of the participants was 11.3±3.9 years. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents was 35.5%. Meanwhile, anxiety disorders had the highest prevalence rate (22.2%) and among anxiety disorders, separation anxiety disorder (8.7%) and generalized anxiety (8.6%) were the most prevalent. There was a significant difference in all psychiatric disorders based on gender, more evident in the high rate of obsessive-compulsive disorder, enuresis, tic, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, hyperactivity, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, smoking disorder, and epilepsy were more evident in boys (P-value < 0.05).

Conclusion: The prevalence rate of psychiatric disorders in young population of Yazd Province is relatively high and because of its impact on individuals' social and personal function, it could have substantial implications for mental health services.