Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health

The Importance of Health Education in the Prevention of Myiasis

Zohreh Karimiankakolaki — 2024-06-01

The Article Abstract is not available.

The Effect of Telephone Health Training on Perceived Stress of Mothers with Premature Infants Discharged from Hospital

Hossein Tavangar — 2024-06-01

Background: Premature birth is a global health issue leading to major stress in mothers who will be able to get answers to many of their questions at home through a phone call. This study aimed to investigate the effect of telephone health training on the perceived stress of mothers with premature infants discharged from the hospital.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 60 mothers referring to Shohada-ye Kargar Hospital (Yazd, Iran) in 2022. They were selected using a purposive sampling method and then randomly assigned to the control and intervention groups. Data collection was accomplished with the Perceived Stress Questionnaire and demographic questionnaire. Telephone training was performed in the intervention group. The control group received ordinary care at discharge time. Data were analyzed with SPSS22 using paired t-test, independent t-test, and chi-square test.

Results: The mean perceived stress of mothers was 25.10 ± 2.32 and 25.33 ± 3.12, in the intervention and control group before the intervention, respectively. These scores were 21.24 ± 1.83 and 24.14 ± 2.81, respectively after the intervention, and they decreased significantly in the intervention group (P = 0.03).

Conclusion: Telephone health training is regarded as an efficient and low-cost method for reducing the perceived stress of mothers with premature infants discharged from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Improving maternal and neonatal health is suggested.

Occupational Hazards and Safety: How Knowledgeable are Quarry Workers on Accident Prevention at Work in Nigeria?

Samuel Adesina Okueso — 2024-06-01

Background: The increased number of quarry activities in Ogu State Nigeria without the commensurate provision of safety resources is an issue of great concern to public health. This study examines the occupational health and safety risks related to quarrying activities among workers.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey research design was used, The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire developed by the researchers which were: The Knowledge of Occupational Safety and Health-Hazards Questionnaire (KOSHQ) (r = 0.75) and Relationship between Occupational Hazards and Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (ROHPWQ) (r = 0.84). Descriptive statistics of percentage/frequency were used to describe the demographic characteristics of the participants while Pearson Product Moment correlation was used to test the hypotheses

Results: The findings of the study showed that there was a strong, positive, and significant relationship between knowledge of occupational safety, health hazards, and the health of quarry workers (r = 0.940, p-value < 0.05); also, there was a very strong, positive, and significant relationship between occupational hazards and psychological well-being of quarry workers (r = 0.911, p-value < 0.05). a very strong, positive, and significant relationship was observed between knowledge of occupational safety, health hazards, and the health of quarry workers (r = 0.940, p-value < 0.05), there also exists a very strong, positive and significant relationship between occupational hazards and psychological well-being of quarry workers with (r = 0.911, p-value < 0.05).

Conclusion: The study concluded that the level of awareness about occupational hazards was The study, recommends that employers provide more training.

Evaluation of the Physical Education Literacy Plan in Elementary Schools: A Qualitative Research

Maryam Kian — 2024-06-01

Background: The issue of the physical health of students has been taken into consideration by educational systems more than ever nowadays. Among these, literacy in physical education is of special importance. In this regard, the study aimed to evaluate the approved plan in elementary schools and to provide suitable solutions.

Methods: The research approach was "qualitative" and the method was "phenomenology". The "target group" included all the teachers of girls' primary schools in Maybod, who were selected through purposive sampling. Twelve teachers participated in the research. The research tool was an "in-depth semi-structured interview". Data collection ended after reaching theoretical saturation. The data were analyzed by "coding" and "categorization". The validity of the data was confirmed through the "triangulation” in the form of "data" and "researcher" types.

Results: The findings showed 23 main themes and 61 sub-themes. The results were determined in the form of the strengths, weaknesses, consequences, and solutions. The results of the strengths indicated the good design of the plan, attention to the student's basic skills, national implementation, creating interest in sports, the possibility of online implementation, and lifestyle modification. In addition, the weak points were the lack of proper follow-up, poor time and method of implementation, poor knowledge of the teachers, insufficient cooperation of the parents, and the lack of facilities. Also, the consequences included increasing basic skills, promoting learning, improving physical and mental health, and discovering sports talents.

Conclusion: In general, this research showed that to make the plan more effective in elementary schools, some actions should be taken, such as the scientific implementation of the plan, sports play therapy in schools, increasing the time, changing the way of evaluation, more organizational attention and reinforcing the follow-up procedures.

"A Silent Suffering: The Alarming Rise of Domestic Violence during Pregnancy"

Nader Aghakhani — 2024-06-01

The Article Abstract is not available.

Prevalence of Depression in Hemophilia Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Mohammad Reza Golpayegani — 2024-06-01

Background: Chronic and debilitating diseases induce several psychiatric consequences. The current research determines the prevalence of depression in hemophilia patients.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 80 hemophilia patients referred to Mohammad Kermanshahi Hospital in Iran in 2020. The subjects were selected using the sampling method. The data collection tool includes a demographic information checklist, clinical and medical records, and Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II). Data analysis was performed using frequency, percentage, and Chi-square tests.

Results: The results demonstrated that the prevalence of depression in hemophilia patients was 57.5%. Furthermore, the prevalence of depression was not associated with age, education, occupation, marital status, type of hemophilia, disease severity, age of onset (i.e., disease diagnosis age), orthopedic complications, and monthly bleeding episodes ( P-Values > 0.05). However, among the patients who consumed narcotics, only 25.8% were not depressed; on the other hand, 53.1% of those who did not consume narcotics were. A clear statistically significant correlation between narcotics use and the prevalence of depression was presented (P-Value < 0.01).

Conclusions: The present study reveals a significant prevalence of depression among hemophilia patients, with a notable correlation observed between depression rates and the use of narcotics drugs.

Evaluation of the Effect of Educational Intervention on the Error of Insurance Documents on Deductions in Hospitalization Records

Mahmood Mousavi — 2024-06-01

Background: This study aims to consider the effect of an educational intervention on the error rate of insurance documents in the deducting of hospitalization records of COVID-19 patients' health insurance among hospital staff.

Methods: The target population of this semi-experimental study was all personnel involved in the management of patients with Covid-19. Among the hospitals of the COVID-19 site in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari provinces, one hospital was selected as the educational target group (24 individuals) and one hospital was considered as the control group (16 individuals) by lottery. To measure the effectiveness of education, the sample size of all cases of 19 patients with health insurance in two hospitals during two periods of October and March 2016 was determined. Data collection was performed by checklists and direct reviews of files, the health insurance system, and the hospital HIS system. Data analysis was performed using SPSS21 software.

Results: The number of deductions in the case of "Covid 19 hospitalized patients" of the health insurance decreased significantly in the intervention hospital from 1833 to 933 (p < .005) and increased in the control hospital from 447 to 2712 (p < .005). In the intervention hospital, the highest decrease in deductions in the hoteling service was from 235 (12.8%) to 2 (0.2%) cases (p < .001), and for medicines from 335 (18.2%) to 56 (6%) cases (p < .001).

Conclusion: The results demonstrated that staff training on the error in COVID-19 insurance documents during the coronavirus pandemic outbreak has reduced the number of insurance deductions in COVID-19 patients' records.

Self-compassion in the relationship between personality traits and bedtime procrastination

Seyedeh Zahra Mohtarami Zavardeh — 2024-06-01

Background: Since sleep is considered an important factor for the physical and mental health of humans, it is very important to pay attention to its quantity quality and abnormalities during it. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the role of self-compassion mediation in the relationship between Personality traits and bedtime procrastination.

Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all undergraduate students of the humanities faculties of Tehran University in the academic year of 2022-2023, who were selected through Cluster sampling of 343 students. Data collection tools included the Bedtime Procrastination Questionnaire (BPS), Self-Compassion Questionnaire (SCS), and Neo Personality Questionnaire (FFI-NEO). Finally, the data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation method and structural equations using SPSS version 22 and AMOS version 24 Software.

Results: The goodness of fit index for the research model was significant, which indicated the appropriate fit of the model. The result showed that the direct effect of personality and bedtime procrastination was -0.36 and the indirect effect of personality through self-compassion and bedtime procrastination was -0.19.

Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that personality and self-compassion play an important role in bedtime procrastination. Therefore, the relations obtained can be used to improve the lifestyle and promote sleep health in students and other people.

Assimilation Challenges: Migrants are not Machines that can Easily Forget the Data Once Stored in

Afifa Abdullahi Warsame — 2024-06-01

The Article Abstract is not available.

Investigating Psychiatric Disorders in Patients with Suicide Attempt

Zoha Sadeghian — 2024-06-09

Background

Attempting suicide is considered one of the important indicators of the mental health of individuals in society. One of the important issues in suicide is psychiatric disorders and related factors. Given that no comprehensive study was conducted in Yazd province, this study aimed to assess psychiatric disorders in patients with suicide attempts.

Methods

This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 344 patients with suicide attempts at Shahid Beheshti Hospital from March 2021 to March 2022. The type of psychiatric illness was diagnosed based on the clinical interview and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. All information was extracted from medical records entered into SPSS version 22 and analyzed. P < 0.05 was assumed significant.

Results

The average age of the patients was 27.09 ± 11.78 years. Among them, 145 were men (42.2%) and 199 were women (57.8%). The most common psychiatric disorder was Major depressive disorder (MDD) (46.5%). Moreover, the lowest frequency of psychiatric disorders was schizophrenia (1.2%). There was a significant relation between psychiatric disorders and variables, including age, number of suicides, gender, and suicide method (P < 0.05). A significant relation was seen between the severity of diseases and gender (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Among the various types of psychiatric disorders, MDD was more prevalent in individuals who commit suicide. Hence, it was essential to focus more attention on this particular group of patients. Additionally, the use of medication was the most common method of suicide. It should also be noted that the severity of suicide was higher in men.

Intimate Partner Violence during pregnancy: Impact on women and children: A Review

Richa Aeri — 2024-06-09

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is one of the major causes of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder and can have a negative impact on the mother during pregnancy. This review aims to understand the health consequences of IPV on maternal mental health so that effective interventions and policies can be developed and implemented to provide support to victims, promote gender equality, and prevent adverse maternal outcomes.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted as per the PRISMA guidelines. Computer database researches were conducted using the following databases: Google Scholar, Psych INFO, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The literature was screened by titles and abstracts and by applying keyword search. The following keywords were searched: women, violence, domestic violence, intimate partner violence, IPV, pregnancy, antenatal, conception, maternal health, child health, mental health, and maternal mental health. The literature search was done from 2014 to 2024.

Results: IPV not only poses adverse effects on the well-being of the victim but also disrupts the stability of the environment of the home. It impacts the health, nurturing care, and overall development of the child. Children born to mothers exposed to violence during pregnancy may have lower birth weights and experience higher rates of mortality, preterm births, and lower Apgar scores. The negative effects of IPV on child health also extend beyond the child's cognitive development, impacting the academic performance of their peers.

Conclusion: A vast majority of the incidents involving IPV go unreported due to fear, shame, stigma, or lack of awareness. This can affect the accuracy of the actual data of prevalence. In addition, societal norms, gender stereotypes, and male dominance may add to the effects of IPV, making it difficult for the victims to seek help.

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire in Persian: A Report on the Translation Process

Mehrdad Sadri — 2024-06-09

Background: Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a condition where there are changes in muscle tone during REM sleep, leading to abnormal movements. This disorder is typically diagnosed using video polysomnography (VPSG), which is considered the gold standard test. However, a screening questionnaire for RBD (RBDSQ) has been developed, translated, and validated in various languages, and could be used as a low-cost alternative to VPSG. In this study, we followed a standard multi-step process to translate the RBDSQ into Persian.

Methods: As per the guidelines suggested by Mapi Research Trust, we followed a four-step process for translation. The process included forward translation, backward translation, cognitive interviews with fifteen patients, and proofreading. We collaborated with Mapi Research Trust in each step of the process. Also, we conducted discussion and revision sessions for each step to ensure that the final translation was accurate.

Results: After reviewing the forward and backward translations, some of the items were rephrased. Patients who participated in cognitive interviews found the translation to be generally clear, but some improvements were necessary to make it more expressive. The final proofreading process involved correcting some typing and spelling errors.

Conclusions: The Persian translation of RBDSQ was approved by Mapi Research Trust through a standard translation process. This translation is now compatible with the original English version and is available for a future clinical validation study.

Relationship between strategic management of human resources and the culture of organizational fallibility with the mediating role of information technology

Mojdeh Mirzayi — 2024-06-09

Background: Strategic human resource management is the process of linking the human resource function with the strategic objectives of the organization to improve performance. This research aims to investigate the relationship between strategic human resource management and the culture of organizational fallibility with the mediating role of technology.

Methods: The current study is descriptive-analytical. The information was obtained from the staff of Isfahan Health Center in 2022. The final sample of 120 health center personnel was recruited in this study by the total research method. The data was collected through a standard questionnaire and summarized through SPSS ver26 software. For statistical analysis, one-sample t-tests and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used.

Results: Out of 120 people in the statistical population, 31.9% were men. The correlation coefficient between strategic management of human resources and the culture of organizational fallibility was significant and p = 0.043, which shows the significance of this relationship.

Conclusion: In the strategic management of human resources based on the culture of fallibility and information technology, a direct and meaningful relationship was observed between the culture of organizational fallibility and the strategic management of human resources. It is possible to improve the organization's performance by increasing the culture of error tolerance and its positive impact on the strategic management of human resources.

Prediction of anger suppression based on obsessive beliefs and anxious preoccupied attachment style among the non-clinical population: a cross-sectonal study

Mitra Ashooria — 2024-06-09

The Article Abstract is not available.

The relationship between personality disorders and parents' social capital with the social health of children and adolescents in Yazd

Nastaran Ahmadi — 2024-06-09

Background: Considering that personality disorders and parents' social capital are two important factors that can affect the social health of children and adolescents, therefore, the present study aims to examine the relationship between personality disorders and parents' social capital with the social health of children and adolescents in Yazd.

Methods: This is a descriptive_ correlational study that was done in the province of Yazd in which 1035 children and adolescents between the ages of 6 to 18 participated. These participants were selected on the base of multi-stage random cluster sampling. The social capital questionnaire and parents' personality disorders (Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory - Third Edition (MCMI-III) which parents completed and the lifestyle questionnaire was completed by children and adolescents. Data analysis was done by applying descriptive statistics and calculation of odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval.

Results: A total of 1035 parents children and adolescents were enrolled, participants (44.1%) were males and (55.9%) were females. Millon's test of fathers demonstrates a significant correlation with the average scores of structural social capital, cognitive social capital, communicative social capital, and total social capital (P-value <0.001). Millon’s test of fathers had a significant relationship with total social capital in all age groups (P-value<0.05). On the other hand, Millon’s test of mothers had a significant relationship with total social capital in fathers aged 19-34 years (P-value<0.001).

Conclusion: Family social capital improves children and adolescent’s social health. Consequently, caregivers have a significant impact on the social and psychological well-being of young individuals. Enhancing the level of social capital and promoting mutual understanding among parents is imperative to achieve this goal. It is necessary to strengthen the level of social capital, and mutual understanding between parents. In addition, it can be suggested to pay more attention to the psychological characteristics of parents in the process of diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of children and adolescents.