Integrating Echocardiographic Findings to Improve Diagnostic and Prognostic Assessments in Moderate Aortic Valve Stenosis: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease in developed countries, with its prevalence on the rise due to aging populations. While severe AS has long been recognized as high-risk, recent studies have shed light on the significant association between moderate AS and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Yet, the data are still inconclusive. With noninvasive multi-modality imaging techniques advancing rapidly, we now have more insight into the underlying biology of AS. Echocardiography continues to serve as the primary noninvasive imaging modality for diagnosing and grading AS. This comprehensive review delves into the role of echocardiography in diagnosing moderate AS and how the findings can support clinicians in making well-informed decisions that impact patients’ prognoses.