Investigating Anxiety, Mobility, Disability and Proprioception in Adults with Mild Neck Pain: A Cross- Sectional Study

Pablo Mleziva; Eric Glenn  Johnson; Everett B. Lohman; Madeha Jaber; Lillian Mleziva; Noha Salim Daher

doi:10.18502/jmr.v19i2.18350

Pablo Mleziva Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, United States.
Eric Glenn Johnson Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, United States.
Everett B. Lohman Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, United States.
Madeha Jaber Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, United States.
Lillian Mleziva Department of Physical Therapy, San Gorgonio Memorial Hospital, Banning, United States.
Noha Salim Daher Department of Public Health, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, United States.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jmr.v19i2.18350

Keywords: Subclinical neck pain; Anxiety; Proprioception; Neck motion

Abstract

Introduction: Studies on subclinical neck pain (SCNP), known as mild pain lack proper literature. This study examines the differences in anxiety, neck movement, disability, and proprioception in people with chronic SCNP (12 females and 4 males, age = 28.1±4.0 years) and people without neck pain (17 females and 6 males, age = 25.8±3.1 years).

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study with 39 participants was conducted. The participants were instructed to score their pain using the visual analog scale (pain group: < 4/10 and normal group: 0/10), anxiety level with the state-trait anxiety inventory, and neck disability with the neck disability index. In addition, active range of motion and joint position errors were assessed in participants of both groups.

Results: There was no significant difference in mean baseline characteristics between the two groups. The participants in the pain group reported significantly higher median neck disability index (P≤0.001) and higher mean current state-trait anxiety inventory state (P=0.032) scores compared to participants with no pain. No significant differences in mean flexion, extension, lateral flexion right, lateral flexion left, rotation right, or rotation left were found between groups (P=0.95, P=0.68, P=0.29, P=0.59, P=0.70, and P=0.17, respectively). In addition, there were no significant differences in mean cervical spine joint position error flexion, extension, rotation right, and rotation left by the study group (P=0.65, P=0.33, P=0.26, and P=0.23, respectively).

Conclusion: SCNP can substantially influence functional ability and anxiety levels, especially among students in higher education institutions dealing with additional stressors. The interaction between pain intensity, disability, and anxiety underscores the potential for a detrimental feedback loop, underscoring the significance of early interventionv