Non-aggressive Treatment in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: A Review on Literature

Vahid Mazloum; Hadi Akbari

doi:10.18502/jmr.v17i3.13064

Vahid Mazloum Clinical Care and Health Promotion Research Center, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
Hadi Akbari Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jmr.v17i3.13064

Keywords: Knee osteoarthritis; Conservative treatments; Exercise therapy; Physical therapy; Pain; Function

Abstract

Introduction: High prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in Iran and the subsequent disability have resulted in representing multifarious non-aggressive interventions with distinct influences on the disease. The aim of this study was to review previous domestic studies about the effects of conservative therapeutic options on patients with knee OA.

Materials and Methods: Using search engines involving IranMedex, MedLib, ISC, Google Scholar, Magiran, SID, rehabilitation, and medical journals based on defined keywords, 98 Persian language articles were found, and 37 studies were finally included in our study after applying the exclusion criteria. The type of study, the pattern of choosing subjects, patient information, the measurements, interventions, and the results were exploited from each article, and the physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro) scale was administrated to evaluate the studies.

Results: Based on analysis of PEDro scale results (Mean±SD for articles score: 5.89±1.29), the quality of most articles was as fair and good. The focus of conservative treatments was on exercise therapy methods, assistive devices, and physical therapy management. From a clinical perspective, the evidence indicates the appropriate effects of such treatment choices on alleviating pain, enhancing function, and improving quality of life in individuals with knee OA.

Conclusion: Most conservative methods can reduce pain, and improve quality of life and physical performance in patients with knee OA. However, further high-quality studies with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-ups are required to determine whether knee OA can be managed by conservative methods.