An Overview of the Applications and Conditions for Using Artificial Intelligence and Digitalization in Occupational Health and Safety in the Workplace

Roghayeh  Esmali; Elham Akhlaghi  Pirposhteh; Ali  Askari; Mohsen  Poursadeghiyan

doi:10.18502/jhsw.v15i3.21422

Roghayeh Esmali Students Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
Elham Akhlaghi Pirposhteh Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Ira
Ali Askari Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohsen Poursadeghiyan Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jhsw.v15i3.21422

Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Digitalization, Occupational health, Workplace safety, Internet of things, Virtual reality

Abstract

Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digitalization are pivotal in enhancing Occupational Healthand Safety (OHS), reducing workplace accidents, improving conditions, and boosting organizationalproductivity. This study examines the impacts, challenges, and opportunities of these technologies inworkplace safety.

Material and Methods: A narrative review was conducted via databases (Google Scholar, PubMed,IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect) using keywords like “AI in occupational safety” (2013–January 2025). Afterscreening 125 articles, 71 met the inclusion criteria (Persian or English publications). Qualitative contentanalysis identified key challenges and opportunities.

Results: Artificial intelligence has been used in predicting incidents, monitoring, process optimization,and analyzing OHS challenges. By analyzing historical data and hazard patterns, AI enables proactive riskmitigation. Continuous learning in AI models enhances predictive accuracy and environmental adaptability.However, data quality issues persist; techniques such as transfer learning offer potential solutions. AI-driven automation reduces human error, yet challenges include ethical concerns and infrastructure gaps.

Conclusion: AI and digital technologies are transforming OHS through predictive analytics and real-timesurveillance. To fully leverage these benefits, future efforts must focus on addressing data quality issues,establishing robust ethical frameworks, and developing advanced infrastructure. Further research isessential for the practical implementation of AI in a variety of work environments