Consequences and health effects of toxic air pollutants emission by industries

Mohammad Javad  Mohammadi; Acim Heri Iswanto; Sara Mansourimoghadam; Ahmed Taifi; Heydar Maleki; Yasser Fakri Mustafa; Behzad Fouladi Dehaghi; Arghavan Afra; Masoume Taherian; Fatemeh Kiani; Maryam Hormati

doi:10.18502/japh.v7i1.8923

Mohammad Javad Mohammadi Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Acim Heri Iswanto Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Sara Mansourimoghadam Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
Ahmed Taifi Department of Pharmacy, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq
Heydar Maleki Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Yasser Fakri Mustafa Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul-41001, Iraq.
Behzad Fouladi Dehaghi Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Environmental Technology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Arghavan Afra Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Masoume Taherian Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Fatemeh Kiani Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Maryam Hormati Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/japh.v7i1.8923

Keywords: Toxic air pollutants; Cultural and economic damages; Health effects; Industry; Traffic

Abstract

Emission large amounts of air pollutants can cause many problems in the environment and human health. The purpose of this review study was evaluating consequences and health effects of toxic air pollutants and expressing strategies for controlling these pollutants.

A narrative review of the literature was done based on searched databases. All relevant studies published 1998 until 2021 gathered. According to the databases, 360 articles were retrieved. 24 studies were screened after review and 16 full-text articles entered into the analysis process. Finally, 9 articles were selected in this study.

The results of this study showed that industrialization, increasing urbanization, technological development, rapid population growth, increased desertification and deforestation, occurrence of dust phenomenon, uncontrolled growth of motor vehicles, entry of various pollutants and environmental degradation cause a phenomenon called air pollution. Based on the results, the toxic air pollutants causes many health endpoints in human such as respiratory disease, asthma, chronic lung disease, respiratory and cardiovascular system dysfunction, decreased immune system, headache, dizziness, gastrointestinal disease and increased risk of cancer (lung, stomach, intestine, eye, liver and brain).

According to research related to the subject, air pollution is a positive function of energy consumption, volume of industrial activities, and the uncontrolled increase of human activities. The most vital factors are increasing the level of public awareness, reducing the exposure to toxic air pollutants, improving quality of the products and consumption of consumed fuels.