Human Cutaneous Leishmaniosis in Iran, Up to Date-2019

Mohamad Reza Razavi; Mohammad Reza Shirzad; Mehdi Mohebali; Mohammad Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi; Hassan Vatandoost; Mehrshad Shirzadi; Mohammad Mehdi Gouya; Faranak Gharachorloo; Shahnam Arshi; Behzad Amiri

doi:10.18502/jad.v15i2.7483

Mohamad Reza Razavi Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Reza Shirzad Reserch Center for Zoonoses, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
Mehdi Mohebali Center for Research Endemic Parasites of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Hassan Vatandoost Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mehrshad Shirzadi Student of Law, Islamic Azad University, East Branch, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Mehdi Gouya Center for Communicable Diseases Management, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
Faranak Gharachorloo Center for Communicable Diseases Management, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
Shahnam Arshi Center for Communicable Diseases Management, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
Behzad Amiri Center for Communicable Diseases Management, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jad.v15i2.7483

Keywords: Human cutaneous leishmaniasis; Surveillance; Iran

Abstract

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected and parasitic vector borne diseases that is endemic in tropical and subtropical countries, including Iran. The aim of this study was to explain the present status of CL in Iran. This report is based on data that recorded by cutaneous leishmaniasis surveillance system in 2019, and evaluated in Center for Communicable Diseases Management in Ministry of Health in Iran. Iran has been considered an endemic area for cutaneous leishmaniasis in the world. Dependent to activities for cutaneous leishmaniasis control the number of cases decreased from 23202 in 2008 (Incidence rate 32 per 100000) to 13124 in 2019 (Incidence rate 15.8 per 100000), more cases reported from September to December, in 2019, 46% of cases had one lesion and 21% had 2 lesions, 85% of cases diagnosed when the diameter of lesions had 3 centimeters and bellows.

Although the Leishmania control program began in 1977, the incidence of the disease has dropped dramatically since 2008 when the new cutaneous leishmaniasis control program have been implemented. Although in some areas the incidence of the disease increased, but the implementation of the new program has reduced the number of cases, in order to continue reducing the disease, permanent support for the control programs is needed.