Evaluation of an Electrospun Fiber Loaded with Ozonated Oil for the Treat¬ment of Leishmaniasis Lesions in an Experimental Model

Daniela Patrícia  Tres; Carla Diel  Fabrini; Janaína Fatima da  Roza Cunha; Juliana Jurumenha  Barreto; Mariana  Pastri; Thaís Kaori  Katsumata; Gabriel Nardi  Fraga; Thaís Soprani  Ayala; Douglas Cardoso  Dragunski; Rafael Andrade  Menolli

doi:10.18502/jad.v19i4.21211

Daniela Patrícia Tres Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University, Brazil
Carla Diel Fabrini Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University, Brazil
Janaína Fatima da Roza Cunha Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University, Brazil
Juliana Jurumenha Barreto Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University, Brazil
Mariana Pastri Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University, Brazil
Thaís Kaori Katsumata Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University, Brazil
Gabriel Nardi Fraga Center of Engineering and Exact Sciences, Western Parana State University, Brazil
Thaís Soprani Ayala Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University, Brazil
Douglas Cardoso Dragunski Center of Engineering and Exact Sciences, Western Parana State University, Brazil
Rafael Andrade Menolli Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University, Brazil

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jad.v19i4.21211

Keywords: Electrospun fiber; Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Ozone therapy; Wound healing; BALB/c

Abstract

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected disease whose lesions may cause severe scarring and psy-chosocial impact. Current treatments often face poor patient adherence due to side effects and dosing. Electrospinning enables the incorporation of low-cost, bioactive compounds. Ozonated sunflower oil has shown potential to accelerate wound healing. This study aimed to evaluate electrospun fibers containing ozonated sunflower oil combined with standard anti-Leishmania therapy in lesions caused by Leishmania amazonensis in an animal model.

Methods: BALB/c mice (n=5/group) were infected with L. amazonensis (MHOM/BR/1977/LTB0016). Treatments in-cluded: meglumine antimoniate alone (MA), MA plus electrospun fiber with ozonated sunflower oil (MOO), MA plus fiber with non-ozonated sunflower oil (MNO) and an untreated control (CTRL). After 30 days, lesion size, parasite load, histology and systemic/local immune parameters were evaluated.

Results: All the groups exhibited lesion growth (MA 12±0.8%, MOO 24±0.4%, MNO 30±0.8 and CTRL 34±0.9%), but the MA group exhibited less growth. However, in the culture of the paws after the treatment, only in the MOO group, promastigotes did not grow, while the other groups reached titers of 1/6 (MA), 1/192 (MNO) and 1/384 (CTRL). Macroscopically, the MA and MOO groups showed complete healing of the lesion. Histologically, the MA group had a thicker epidermis (p<0.05) and the MA and MOO groups presented the lowest amount of cellular infiltration.

Conclusion: Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions in a mouse model with an electrospun fiber containing ozonated oil improved drug treatment, ameliorating lesions and could be explored as an alternative treatment for this parasitic disease.