Epidemiological Study of Pediculosis among Primary School Children in Sulaimani Governorate, Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Yadgar Hussein Hama-Karim; Pary Mohammad Azize; Salar Ibrahim Ali; Shahow Abdulrehman Ezzaddin

doi:10.18502/jad.v16i1.11195

Yadgar Hussein Hama-Karim College of Health and Medical Technology, Chwarchra Qtr
Pary Mohammad Azize Sulaimani Technical Insitute, Bakhtiari Qtr
Salar Ibrahim Ali College of Health and Medical Technology, Chwarchra Qtr
Shahow Abdulrehman Ezzaddin College of Medicine: Sulimani University Old Campus, Majid Bag Main Street, beside Smart Health Tower

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jad.v16i1.11195

Keywords: Pediculosis capitis; Risk Factors; Children; Primary Schools; Sulaimani Governorate

Abstract

Background: Pediculosis is a common parasitic public health issue. Many socio-demographic and economic factors affect the pattern and prevalence of pediculosis. It is widely spread among pupils, particularly those in elementary schools. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Pediculus capitis infestation and its related risk factors in primary school children in Sulaimani Governorate, Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, overall, 2064 primary school children (aged 5–14 years) during the period from October 2019 to February 2020 were randomly examined for the presence of any stage of Pediculosis capitis in both urban and suburban areas. The schools were selected by multistage sampling methods. A questionnaire was sent to the parents to get consent and fill in for every single pupil. The results were computed using the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis.

Results: The overall prevalence of head lice infestation was (9.16%). The study found a significant association of Pediculosis capitis infestation with gender, parents’ education level, mother’s employment, number of siblings, and previous infestation. The older age of children (≥12 years old) and the higher-grade pupils (4^th to 6^th class) were more infested.

Conclusion: Head lice remain a health problem for school children. It needs collaboration of many sectors for decreasing and early detection and treatment in both urban and suburban areas since they have a close rate of infestation.