Insecticide Resistance in the West Nile Encephalitis, Japanese Encephalitis, Avian Malaria and Lymphatic Elephantiasis Vector, Culex pipiens complex (Diptera: Culicidae) in Iran

Amrollah  Azarm; Mohammad   Nasrabadi; Fatemeh  Shahidi; Awat  Dehghan; Fateme  Nikpoor; Alireza  Zahraie-Ramazani; Seyede Maryam  Molaeezadeh; Faramarz  Bozorgomid; Ghazal  Tashakori; Hassan  Vatandoost

doi:10.18502/jad.v15i4.10499

Amrollah Azarm Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Nasrabadi Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Fatemeh Shahidi Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Awat Dehghan Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Fateme Nikpoor Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Alireza Zahraie-Ramazani Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Seyede Maryam Molaeezadeh Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Faramarz Bozorgomid Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Ghazal Tashakori Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Hassan Vatandoost Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jad.v15i4.10499

Keywords: Insecticide, resistance, Vector, Culex pipiens complex

Abstract

Background: Culex pipiens complex is considered as a vector of some important diseases such as West Nile fever, equine encephalitis, Rift valley fever, St. Louis encephalitis, Elephanthiasis and avian malaria in the world. The main measure for vector control is using insecticides. High use of insecticides caused resistance in the populations. The aim of this study was to review the status of insecticide resistance in the vector.

Methods: Insecticide resistance in this species was found by the available papers and map of the data for carbamates, organochlorine, organophosphates, pyrethroids, microbial and insect growth regulator insecticides were done. An intensive search of scientific literature was done in “PubMed”, “Web of Knowledge”, “Scopus”, “Google Scholar”, “SID”, and related resources.

Results: Results showed that a wide variety of resistance to different insecticides in the country. Due to importance of this species in transmission of diseases.

Discussion: resistance management strategies should be further considered to prevent from in secticide resistance and replacement of novel approach for vector control.