Disease Prevention, Genetic Selection, and Vaccination Based on BoLA-DRB3.2 Polymorphism: A Model for Immunogenetic Studies

Mohammad Mehdi Ranjbar; Ali Reza Yousefi; Mohammad Hassan Motedayen; Shima Mollazadeh; Gholamreza Karimi

doi:10.18502/jabs.v12i1.8867

Mohammad Mehdi Ranjbar Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
Ali Reza Yousefi Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
Mohammad Hassan Motedayen Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
Shima Mollazadeh Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
Gholamreza Karimi Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jabs.v12i1.8867

Keywords: Polymorphism, BoLA-DRB3, MHC class II, Immune response, Iran

Abstract

Unearthing the immune defects associated genes and genetic variations may lead to locating novel targetable elements and introducing the underlying mechanisms and pathways of the desired condition. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are essential for protein antigens presentation and inducing immune response as well as are associated with production and phenotypic traits. The MHC class II genes of cattle and buffaloes, Bovine Leukocyte Antigen (BoLA) or Buffalo Leukocyte Antigen (BuLA), are located on the short arm of chromosome 23. It has been demonstrated that the second exon of BoLA-DRB3 (BoLA-DRB3.2) is highly polymorphic, having more than one hundred identified alleles, that each of them can form special binding pockets for corresponding antigenic peptides. Concerning the populations of cows, unique native and hybrid, and buffaloes are distinctly divided into different regions of Iran, analysis and interpretation of the polymorphisms’ expression status of this locus can be implemented to find better breeding strategies like selecting highly resistant animals to infection diseases, in herds. It also can help to develop effective and novel vaccines regarding allele frequencies in populations; different allelic variants of MHC class II binding to different peptides. Immunogenic evaluation of animals’ genome/genes characteristics has always been used as a model for the study of similar genes in humans.