The management and approach to osteosarcoma in children: A mini-review article

Maryam Sadat  Yazdanparast; Mohammad Mahdi  Ghilian; Elnaz  Sheikhpour

doi:10.18502/ijpho.v13i3.13133

Maryam Sadat Yazdanparast Deparment of Pediatric, Shahid Sadoughi hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Mohammad Mahdi Ghilian Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
Elnaz Sheikhpour Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Shahid sadoughi hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v13i3.13133

Keywords: Childhood, Etiology, Malignancy, Osteosarcoma, Serum Marker

Abstract

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of primary malignant bone tumor. The onset of OS is associated with local pain and swelling as well as joint dysfunction, occasionally. The most common location for OS is around the knee joint. These patients often tend to receive medical attention following physical exercise and trauma. The affected population is mainly teenagers, children, and young adults with age range of 10-30 years.

OS can be diagnosed via different approaches. The main serum markers for pediatric OS are insulin‑like growth factor (IGF‑1 and IGFBP‑3), anti‑ki57 antibody, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑β and sTNF‑R, T3, CD44, vascular endothelial growth factor, serum amyloid A, CXC chemokines, bone alkalin phosphatase, Interleukin (IL‑2, IL‑4, IL‑8), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), TNF‑α, and free polyamines.

Given that there is no comprehensive review literature regarding OS management in our country, this study aimed to assess a survey on the management and approach of OS in children. In this regard, we have discussed the epidemiology, etiology, type, clinical feature, diagnosis, and OS therapy.