International Journal of Medical Laboratory

Burn Patients and Augmented Renal Clearance: An Important but Neglected Issue

2025-07-19T10:59:49+00:00

The Article Abstract is not available.

Utilizing Adipose Derived Stem Cells and Herbal Medicines in Tissue Engineering Approaches for Cartilage Regeneration

2025-07-19T10:59:48+00:00

Conditions that impair cartilage, whether due to mechanical injury or age-related degeneration, pose significant challenges for patients and healthcare systems. As life expectancy increases, the prevalence of these conditions is expected to rise, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Given the limited regenerative capacity of cartilage, in vitro tissue engineering techniques have become a favored approach for creating cartilage replacements. This field primarily focuses on generating substitutes in the form of chondrocyte suspensions and three-dimensional scaffolds populated with chondrocytes. A significant obstacle in cartilage formation is the bioactive compounds used for stem cell differentiation, which can inadvertently lead to hypertrophy and ossification of the cells. Despite extensive research into various materials to identify effective bioactive compounds, a universally accepted option has not yet been established. In light of these challenges, this research aims to explore a variety of bioactive compounds, particularly those derived from herbal medicines that have been previously investigated. By focusing on these compounds, the study seeks to identify potential candidates to enhance cartilage regeneration and improve therapeutic outcomes for patients suffering from cartilage-related conditions. This investigation is crucial for advancing tissue engineering approaches and addressing the growing burden of cartilage degeneration in an aging population.

Aptamer-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Detection of D-Dimer in the Blood

2025-07-19T10:59:47+00:00

D-dimer is an essential biomarker for thrombotic disorders. Recent studies have developed aptamer-based lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) to detect D-dimer rapidly. This advanced platform merges the specificity of aptamers with lateral flow technology, enabling convenient point-of-care testing. Through optimization, assays have demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity for D-dimer detection in clinical samples, making the platform a reliable marker for thrombosis. The platform offers a practical point-of-care diagnostic solution for thrombosis, with advantages such as rapid turnaround times, ease of use, and cost-effectiveness. Herein, this literature survey tries to discuss and underscore the effectiveness of aptamer-based LFIA as an innovative method for a rapid detection of D-dimer.

The Frequency and Types of Pre-Analytical Errors in Hematology Laboratory for Two Large Academic Hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

2025-07-19T10:59:46+00:00

Introduction: The pre-analytical phase, the most critical phase in quality assurance, accounts for the largest portion of laboratory errors, underscoring the importance of accurate processing and minimizing these errors in the laboratory. Our study was designed to retrospectively examine the types and frequencies of pre-analytical errors in the hematology laboratories of two large academic hospitals.

Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in the hematology laboratories of two academic hospitals, collecting and analyzing data over a defined period. This research specifically focused on pre-analytical variables and encompassed both inpatient and outpatient departments.

Results: A total of 195161 samples were received in the hematology laboratory during this period. Overall, pre-analytical errors were found in 887 samples, which composed 0.45% of the total samples. The most common error in both mentioned hospitals was clotted complete blood count (655/195161, 0.33%). The wrong container for the erythrocyte sedimentation rate test has the lowest number of errors (3/195161, 0.001%).

Conclusions: Pre-analytical errors, despite their simplicity, continue to be repeated. The most important principle in preventing these types of errors seems to be sufficient knowledge and accuracy. It is essential to continually train and adhere to standards and principles to prevent errors during the pre-analytical stage and maintain control over this stage.

Pathological Investigation of Syrian Hamster Organs after Infection with SARS-CoV-2

2025-07-19T10:59:44+00:00

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) significantly impacts the global healthcare system. Patients infected with this virus have shown pulmonary and extrapulmonary symptoms. The golden Syrian hamster is the ideal animal model miming SARS-CoV-2-induced systematic lesions in humans.

Materials and Methods: In this study, three groups of four Syrian hamsters were intranasally inoculated with a titer of SARS-CoV-2 at 10^5.5TCID50. Groups of inoculated and mock-inoculated uninfected control animals were ethically euthanized at three, six, and ten days post-inoculation to examine the presence of the virus in lung, kidney, liver, and heart tissues using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in order to study the histopathological outcomes.

Results: In the gross examination, where tissues are under macroscopic examination and given a value from 0 to 4 based on the intensity of involvement, the lung tissues showed significant involvement with SARS-CoV-2. RT-PCR results were reported using the Cycle Threshold (CT), and any CT value below 35 indicated a positive result. Histopathologic examinations of the lungs of most hamsters showed pneumonia, while those of the liver and kidneys demonstrated partial involvement with the virus. However, histopathologic examinations of the heart showed no pathological effects.

Conclusion: This study revealed some clues regarding the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on various organs in the body. It may assist scientists and clinicians in combating the virus by providing a broader and more detailed understanding of its behavior.

Prevalence of Torque Teno Virus in Thalassemia Patients in Yazd City

2025-07-19T10:59:43+00:00

Introduction: The Torque Teno virus (TTV) can be transmitted through blood and blood products such as coagulation factors. People with haematological disorders, such as thalassemia patients, may be exposed to the pathological consequences of this virus. This study aims to determine how prevalent this viral pathogen is in individuals with thalassemia.

Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, serum samples were collected from 99 patients with thalassemia from a special disease center in Yazd city between August and September 2015. A Roche (Germany) DNA extraction kit extracted the genome from the patient's serum. Finally, the presence of the TTV genome was evaluated by a Nested polymerase chain reaction test.

Results: The data obtained from the molecular method revealed that the serum of 43 people with thalassemia was infected with TTV, among which 22 cases were observed in women and 21 cases in men (p = 0.525). The patients were significantly younger than 30. The frequency of TTV in thalassemia patients was not significantly affected by other parameters, such as gender, length of blood transfusion, and history of hepatitis C infection.

Conclusion: The data obtained from the present study confirmed the significant presence of the TTV virus in thalassemia patients, which can impact preventive measures and health programs in patients with blood disorders receiving blood factors

The Effect of Endurance and Cognitive-Endurance Training on Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Aged Rats after Induction of Dementia by Trihexyphenidyl

2025-07-19T10:59:42+00:00

Introduction: Dementia is one of the problems faced by the aging population. It has been found that various types of exercise can be effective in reducing the risk of dementia and its complications. Considering that brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is one of the plasma biomarkers that increase in dementia, an attempt was made to evaluate the effect of endurance and cognitive endurance sports training on the plasma level of BNP in the present study.

Materials and Methods: Mice were randomized into healthy control, dementia, endurance training (swimming), and cognitive endurance training (Morris water maze) groups. Dementia model mice were prepared by intraperitoneal injection of trihexyphenidyl. After completing the exercise treatment courses, a plasma sample was prepared, and its BNP level was measured using the sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method.

Results: The results demonstrated that the plasma level of BNP increased significantly in rats with dementia (p < 0.05). It was also found that endurance and cognitive endurance exercises significantly reduce BNP levels.

Conclusion: According to the present research findings, it is likely to introduce endurance and cognitive endurance training as helpful strategies for people with dementia.

A Study on the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Patients Referred to Laboratories of Teaching Hospitals and the Central Laboratory in Jiroft City

2025-07-19T10:59:41+00:00

Introduction: Intestinal parasitic infections are still a major health concern in developing countries due to associated complications and negative impact on physical and intellectual development, especially in low-income populations, poor personal and environmental hygiene, overcrowding, and lack of access to clean water. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and type of intestinal parasitic infections in individuals referred to teaching hospitals and the central laboratory of Jiroft city.

Materials and Methods: All individuals referred to teaching hospitals and the central laboratory of Jiroft city who had undergone stool testing for parasites were included in the study. Information such as age, sex, and parasite type were collected from the registry books of these centers. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software based on the comparison of percentages and ratios and descriptive statistics.

Results: Among the 6,857 people who participated in the study, 220 (3.2%) were infected with intestinal parasites. The most prevalent parasite found in the study was Giardia lamblia (76.8%), followed by Entamoeba coli (20.5%). Trichomonas hominis, Blastocystis hominis, hookworm, and Tenia saginata were other isolated parasites. The Chi-Square test and Cramer's V showed that there was no significant relationship between age, gender, and sample positivity (Cramer's coefficient V = 0.06, P > 0.05).

Conclusions: The significant prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in Jiroft city requires the attention of various organizations and improvement of personal and social health education, as well as improvement of water and food quality