The Effects of Vitamin D3 and N-Acetylcysteine Administration in Patients with COVID-19 Hospitalization in the Iranian Population

Samaneh  Abbasi; Mona  Fani; Sara  Sayar; Esmat  Radmanesh; Saeed Jelvay; Bagher  Pahlavanzadeh; Zahra  Arizavi; Hani  Esmaeelian; Masoomeh  Asadi; Najmeh Babaeian; Raheleh Pour  Yoosefi; Saeed  Bitaraf; Saeedeh  Elhami; Sara  Mobarak

doi:10.18502/ijml.v10i3.13746

Samaneh Abbasi Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Mona Fani Vector-borne Diseases Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
Sara Sayar Vector-borne Diseases Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
Esmat Radmanesh Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Saeed Jelvay Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Bagher Pahlavanzadeh Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Zahra Arizavi Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Hani Esmaeelian Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Masoomeh Asadi Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Najmeh Babaeian Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Raheleh Pour Yoosefi Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Saeed Bitaraf Department of Epidemiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Saeedeh Elhami Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Sara Mobarak Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijml.v10i3.13746

Keywords: Clinical trials ,COVID-19 ,Infection, N-Acetylcysteine, Vitamin D3

Abstract

Background and Aims: In the absence of treatment for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, there is an urgent need to find alternative methods to control the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study was conducted to compare the effects of vitamin D3 and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on clinical status indicators in patients with COVID-19 hospitalization in Abadan, Iran.

Materials and Methods: 100 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection participated in this study. Patients were randomly allocated to four groups: 3 intervention groups and 1 control group. All patients received standard treatment. In addition, the intervention-1 group received NAC tablets and vitamin D3 placebo ampoules. The intervention-2 group received NAC tablets and vitamin D3 ampoules. The intervention-3 group received vitamin D3 ampoules and NAC placebo tablets. The control group received vitamin D3 placebo ampoules and NAC placebo tablets. Symptoms of the disease and clinical status indicators were compared in groups in the baseline and on days 7, 14, 21, and 28, respectively.

Results: The trial comparison showed that the incidence of cough, dyspnea, and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase in laboratory tests in the NAC-P1 group was lower than in the other three groups (p <0.005). Also, the results showed a significant difference in the length of hospitalization between the four groups. The length of hospitalization was decreased in the NAC-D3 group (p < 0.024).

Conclusion: Based on the results, vitamin D3 supplements and NAC can improve some outcomes in COVID-19 treatment; however, more randomized controlled trial studies are required in this field.