Evaluation of Salivary Glucose and Creatinine for Screening of Diabetes and Kidney Disease

Abstract

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disorder that affects multiple organs of the body, one of the most important of which is chronic kidney disease. Early diagnosis of this disease is suggested as an important strategy to reduce the complications of the disease worldwide. Since the measurement of salivary creatinine and glucose is an easy and noninvasive method, the aim of this study was to evaluate the serum and salivary levels of creatinine and glucose for screening of diabetes and kidney disease.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 50 seemingly healthy individuals referred to the Department of Oral Medicine of the Faculty of Dentistry. Serum and
salivary creatinine levels were measured in these individuals. Data (mean + standard deviation) were presented for variables. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between serum and salivary levels of creatinine and glucose. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant.

Results: The mean salivary and serum creatinine levels was reported to be 0.27 (+ 0.29) and 0.90 (+0.12) mg/dl, respectively. Also, the mean salivary and serum glucose levels were reported to be 3.1 (+ 0.7) and 88.92 (+6.16) mg/dl, respectively. The results of Pearson correlation test showed no significant correlation between serum and salivary glucose and cratinine.

Conclusion: The use of non-invasive diagnostic methods such as saliva is of great value. The study found no association between serum and salivary creatinine and glucose in seemingly healthy subjects.