The Combined Effect of Trachyspermum Supplementation and Jump Rope Exercise on Abdominal Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in 10-15 Year-Old Boys

Majid  Mirhosseini; Ali  Younesian; Hamid  Namavar; Shahrbanoo  Goli

doi:10.18502/ijdo.v17i3.19265

Majid Mirhosseini MSc of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
Ali Younesian Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.
Hamid Namavar Iranian Specialist of Persian Medicine, MD.PhD. Assistant Professor, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Shahrbanoo Goli Assistant Professor, Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijdo.v17i3.19265

Keywords: Trachyspermum, Abdominal obesity, Cardiovascular risk, Aerobic exercise

Abstract

Objective: Childhood and adolescent overweight can lead to metabolic syndrome in adulthood. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Trachyspermum supplement and jump rope exercise on abdominal obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in obese boys aged 10-15.

Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 60 obese boys with waist circumference above the 90th percentile were selected using cluster random sampling from schools in Shahroud. The participants were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) supplement + exercise, (2) exercise only, (3) supplement only, and (4) control. The intervention lasted eight weeks. The Jump rope training was done 5 days per week for 30 minutes, with progressive intensity, based on Sung Kim’s protocol. Supplement groups received 3g/day of Trachyspermum powder after breakfast. Measurements included waist/abdominal circumference, weight, and blood tests for Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High Density Lipoprotein HDL, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and fasting blood sugar before and after the intervention. Statistical analyses included Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnov for normality, chi-square, ANOVA, and post hoc tests using SPSS, with significance at P< 0.05.

Results: The combination of Trachyspermum and the jump rope exercise significantly improved abdominal obesity (P< 0.011), LDL (P< 0.005), HDL (P< 0.029), triglycerides (P< 0.005), and fasting blood sugar (P< 0.001), compared to control and exercise-only groups. No significant change was found in total cholesterol (P< 0.343).

Conclusion: The combination of Trachyspermum and jump rope training had beneficial effects on obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents, suggesting its use as a non-pharmacological and complementary treatment for adolescent obesity.